Career
During World War I he served in the Imperial Russian army. In 1940, he was Commanding Officer Polish Independent Highland Brigade (Samodzielna Brygada Strzelcow Podhalanskich) during the Battle of Narvik in the Norwegian campaign. The forces under his command succeeded in capturing the Ankenes peninsula during May 1940.
-1931 Commanding Officer 58th Regiment 1931-1934 Commanding Border Defence Regiment Głębokie 1934-1938 Deputy General Officer Commanding Border Defence Corps 1938-1939 Commanding Officer Infantry 1st Division 1939 Commanding Officer Infantry 16th Division 1939-1940 Commanding Officer 1st Mountain Brigade, Norway 1941-1942 Head Polish Military Mission Moscow 1941-1943 Chief of Staff Polish Forces in Soviet Union 1942 General Officer Commanding 5th Division, Soviet Union 1943-1945 Deputy General Officer Commanding II Polish Corps, Italy 1945-1946 General Officer Commanding Army of the East 1945-1946 General Officer Commanding II Polish Corps, Italy 1976-1980 General Inspector of the Armed Forces.