Background
Hippel was born at Gerdauen in the Kingdom of Prussia, where his father was rector of a school.
Hippel was born at Gerdauen in the Kingdom of Prussia, where his father was rector of a school.
He enjoyed an excellent education at home, and in his sixteenth year he entered the University of Königsberg as a student of theology. Returning to Königsberg he became a tutor in a private family. But, falling in love with a young lady of high position, his ambition was aroused, and giving up his tutorship he devoted himself with enthusiasm to legal studies.
He was successful in his profession, and in 1780 was appointed chief burgomaster in Königsberg, and in 1786 privy councillor of war and president of the town.
As he rose in the world, however, his inclination for matrimony vanished, and the lady who had stimulated his ambition was forgotten. He died at Königsberg on 23 April 1796, leaving a considerable fortune.
Hippel had extraordinary talents, rich in wit and fancy. But his was a character full of contrasts and contradictions.
lieutenant is an autobiography, in which persons well known to him are introduced, together with a mass of heterogeneous reflections on life and philosophy.
Kreuzand Querzüge des Ritters A bis Z (1793-1794) is a satire levelled against the follies of the age–ancestral pride and the thirst for orders, decoration and the like. Among others of his better known works are Über die Ehe (1774) and Über die bürgerliche Verbesserung der Weiber (1792). In the latter essay, Hippel argues that the natural traits of women make them superior for many tasks, especially education.
According to Jane Kneller, Hippel"s "central claim" in this essay is that "excluding women from the public square is a travesty of justice that prevents the advancement of humanity toward genuine civilization." Timothy F. Sellner has produced an English translation of this work under the title On Improving the Status of Women.
Hippel has been called the fore-runner of Jean Paul, and has some resemblance to this author, in his constant digressions and in the interweaving of scientific matter in his narrative. Like Richter he was strongly influenced by Laurence Sterne.
In 1827-1838 a collected edition of Hippel"s works in 14 volumes was issued at Berlin. Über die Ehe has been edited by East Brenning (Leipzig, 1872), and the Lebenslaufe, nach aufsteigender Linie has in a modernized edition by A von Ottingen (1878), gone through several editions.
See J Czerny, Sterne, Hippel and Jean Paul (Berlin, 1904).
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, educated (1911). "article name needed". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed).
Cambridge University Press. ibid.
Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel, On Improving the Status of Women, transpose Timothy F. Sellner (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1979).
