Background
Jānis Frīdrihs Baumanis was born in 1834 in Riga, the son of a ferryman.
Jānis Frīdrihs Baumanis was born in 1834 in Riga, the son of a ferryman.
Baumanis designed the Riga Circus in 1888. He was responsible for a number of important public buildings of eclectic design constructed in the second half of the 19th century in Riga. In his youth he started work as a carpenter.
In Riga he was spotted by the Saint St. Petersburg architect Ludvig Bohnstedt.
With his support Baumanis undertook studies in the Bauakademie in Berlin (1860-1862) and in the Saint St. Petersburg Academy of Arts (1862-1865). After that he was a government architect in Livland (now Vidzeme) until he established his own practice in Riga.
Baumanis also played an important role in Latvian cultural history. In 1862 he helped to establish the first union of Russian architects in Saint St. Petersburg.
In 1879 he was involved in establishing the Union of Riga Architects (Rigaer Architekten=Verein).
Further, in 1868, he helped to establish the Latvian union in Riga. His main professional activity was in relation to the former defensive walls of Riga. The walls, built of sand, were demolished in the mid-19th century and a new string of boulevards was planned.
He designed 40% of the buildings in this area.
His buildings were mostly eclectic (a combination of Neo-Renaissance and Neo-Gothic elements) in design, with refined details and well-executed plastic forms. He also designed the Alexanders Gymnasium (a secondary school) in Riga, now the Latvian Academy of Music, in 1870-1875.
From 1887 to 1888 Baumanis was responsible for the building of the Riga Regional Court at 34 Brīvības Boulevard In its construction Baumanis drew on both Classical and Baroque influences for the façades.
Altogether he designed more than 150 buildings in Riga.