Career
He joined the Polish armed forces (Polska Organizacja Wojskowa) in 1915, and then the recreated Polish Army in 1918. From 1934 to 1936 he was a Polish military attaché in Paris and then became Polish consul general in Lille, France. After the fall of France during the Nazi invasion, he was active in the Polish underground in France during World World War World War II After the liberation of Paris in 1944, he joined the Polish government in exile at the rank of minister.
In the Polish Army, he reached the rank of podpułkownik (Lieutenant Colonel).
