Education
Studied law and Oriental languages in Saint St. Petersburg University.
Studied law and Oriental languages in Saint St. Petersburg University.
Born in Saint St. Petersburg in 1836. Entered diplomatic service in 1855. Secretary to the Russian embassies at Athens, Munich and Vienna.
Councillor to the Russian embassy in Constantinople, 1872.
Directed the diplomatic office at the headquarters of the Russian army during the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878. Took the active part in negotiations that led to the Peace treaty of San Stefano and later the Treaty of Berlin.
Ambassador to Saxony, 1879. Took prominent part in the settlement of Armenian question and Balkan difficulties.
Ambassador to Italy (1897–1903).
Ambassador to France (1903–1910). Presided over the 1907 Hague Peace Conference
He died from apoplexy on 18 September 1910, which he contracted while passing through Munich on 8 August.
Russian Academy of Sciences. Hellenic Philological Society of Constantinople.