Career
Born in Schmiedeberg im Riesengebirge (now Kowary), Silesia (then Prussia, now Poland), he graduated from a gymnasium of Hirschberg, and studied at Berlin University of the Arts (Universität der Künste Berlin) and Kunstakademie Düsseldorf (Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf). He drew a game with Louis Paulsen in a blindfold simultaneous display at Düsseldorf in 1862.