Vladimir Kovalenok, cosmonaut. Vladimir Kovalenok is one of those who pioneered space exploration. He made three space missions: in 1977, 1978, and 1981. He spent 216 days in space in total. He was withdrawn from all military duties, when he became 60 years old; he is now General Airforce Reserve and consultant.
Background
Vladimir Kovalenok was born in the village of Beloye, Krupki district, the Minsk region, on March 3, 1942. Vladimir Kovalenok is one of those who pioneered space exploration. He made three space missions: in 1977, 1978, and 1981. He spent 216 days in space in total.
Education
He served in military air-transport units and in 1967 was named a cosmonaut.
Career
Joined the Soviet Army, 1959. Several flights into space (in 1978 spent 140 days on Salyut-6). Deputy head of the Cosmonauts Training Centre, 1984.
Religion
All religions persuade people to rely on outside authority, thus preventing them to become self-reliant.
Views
Individuals have rights to express freedom if it safeguarde the interests of a collective.