Background
Anthonius Heinsius was born at Delft on 23 November 1641, son of a wealthy merchant and patrician.
Anthonius Heinsius was born at Delft on 23 November 1641, son of a wealthy merchant and patrician.
In 1679 he became pensionary for Delft in the States of Holland and in 1687 he became a member of the board of the Delft chamber of the Dutch East India Company (VOC).
In 1682 he was appointed special negotiator to France by stadholder William III of Orange. His mission was to see if anything could be done about the occupation of the Principality of Orange by Louis XIV. The mission was a failure but he made a favourable impression on William III.
He became Grand Pensionary of the States of Holland, and thereby the most powerful man in the Estates-General of the Netherlands, on 27 May 1689, when William III became king of England and had to move to London. He was the confidant and correspondent of William, who left the guidance of Dutch affairs largely in his hands.
He was one of the driving forces behind the anti-France coalitions of the Nine Years' War (1688-1697) and the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714).