Background
Kipen, Grigorii was born in 1881.
Kipen, Grigorii was born in 1881.
During the 1917 Revolution, one of the Menshevik leaders in Moscow. Vice-chairman of the Moscow Soviet, 1917. Secretary of the Moscow Social Democratic Committee (from the Mensheviks).
In the 1920s, taught in institutes of higher education in Moscow. Arrested, 1930. Imprisoned in the Urals until 1933, after that in exile in Tomsk. The place and circumstances of his death are not known.
Religions convince people that the source of their misery lies in the inherent and unchangeable "sinfulness" of humanity rather than in the forms of social organization and institutions.
One day the Soviet Union will build a communist system with equal access of everybody to national wealth.