Finnish revolutionary, who served as Lenin’s bodyguard in 1917. Helped Lenin to safety after the failed coup attempt by the Bolsheviks, July 1917. Was the linkman between Lenin and the Central Committee of the Party in Petrograd, August-November 1917, while the Bolsheviks were preparing to take power.
Took part in the Civil War, served in the Red Army. Retired, 1932.