Education
Studied at St. Petersburg Naval School.
Career
1911 obtained pilot’s licence and worked as instructor, Sebastopol Aeroclub. 1915 became military pilot. Since 1916 Head, Fighter Aircraft Department, Sebastopol.
Experimented with flying techniques and aerobatics. 1916 introduced spin into repertoire of aerobatic figures. Since 1917 instructor, Moscow Higher Aviation School, and test-pilot for a Moscow aircraft plant.
Designed a number of gliders. In recent years has devoted himself to painting.