(In Three Volumes. Volume 1, Nature, Occurrence, And Activ...)
In Three Volumes. Volume 1, Nature, Occurrence, And Activities; Volume 2, Classification, Identification And Descriptions Of Genera And Species; Volume 3, Antibiotics Of Actinomycetes.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1258626306/?tag=2022091-20
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000CHKG0/?tag=2022091-20
(Quoted from the Preface of the book: "This is a book abou...)
Quoted from the Preface of the book: "This is a book about the life in the soil, the soil under our feet, the soil in which our cultivated and uncultivated plants gorw and from which they derive most of their sustenance, and which in their turn support animal life, including that of man himself. THis book deals with the numerous biological, physical, and chemical processes which continuously go on in the soil and in which microbes are involved. Without soil microbes, life on this planet would soon come to a standstill. ... The aims of this book are to survey the nature and abundance of microorganisms in the soil, to review the important role that they play in soil processes, and, so far as possible, to show the relation between them and soil fertility ... This book presents broadly a discussion of the soil and microbiological population, the general flora and fauna of the soil, and the mutual interrelationships among microorganisms, the decomposition of plant and animal residues and the formation of humus, the transformation of various elements essential for plant growth, and the general applications of soil microbiology to other fields of knowledge, especially soil formation and plant nutrition. It should not be considered a reference book, but rather a textbook."
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0007DOYI4/?tag=2022091-20
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0007DX9EY/?tag=2022091-20
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1376184443/?tag=2022091-20
biochemist inventor microbiologist scientist
Selman Waksman was born on July 22, 1888, to Jewish parents, in Nova Pryluka, Podolia Governorate, Russian Empire, now Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. He was the son of Fradia (London) and Jacob Waksman. He immigrated to the United States in 1910, shortly after receiving his matriculation diploma from the Fifth Gymnasium in Odessa, and became a naturalised American citizen six years later.
In 1908 he went to Odessa to study and garnered a matriculation diploma in 1910 from the Fifth Gymnasium in Odessa. He left almost immediately for the United States where he entered Rutgers College (now University) of Agriculture on a scholarship in 1911 and received a bachelor's degree in 1915. He received a doctorate in biochemistry from the University of California in 1918.
While completing work for a master's degree, awarded by Rutgers in 1916, he was a research assistant in soil bacteriology at the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. In 1918 he became a citizen of the United States. He returned to New Jersey as microbiologist at the experiment station and as lecturer in soil microbiology at the university. In 1922 his Principles of Soil Microbiology was published. Waksman became an associate professor at Rutgers in 1925 and professor in 1930. From 1929 until 1939 his major research was on humus, and he published a volume entitled Humus in 1936. From 1931 until 1942 he spent summers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, developing marine bacteriology. In 1940 he was named head of the department of microbiology at Rutgers. In 1932 Waksman began to direct a project to study tuberculosis germs, particularly what happens to them in the soil. It was known that these microorganisms were somehow destroyed in soil, and Waksman learned that they were destroyed by other microbes. A series of studies on the effect of one kind of microbe on another led him to then begin, in 1939, a systematic search for antibiotics, the substances produced by microorganisms that inhibit or destroy other microorganisms. His search was primarily among the actinomycetes, a group of organisms that he first studied in 1915. This led to the discovery of several antibiotics, the best-known of which is streptomycin. Waksman discovered streptomycin in 1943 and reported it in the January 1944 Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine. It proved to be the first chemotherapeutic agent able to control tuberculosis and was useful in treating many other diseases, like influenza, meningitis and urinary tract infections. In 1949 Waksman became director of the Institute of Microbiology founded that year at Rutgers with royalties from the antibiotics discovered by Waksman and his colleagues. He retired in 1958. On August 16, 1973, Waksman died suddenly in Hyannis, Massachusetts, of a cerebral hemorrhage. He was buried near the institute to which he had contributed so much
Waksman discovered a total of twenty antibiotics through extensive research and development, of which actinomycin discovered in 1940, streptomycin in 1944 and neomycin in 1949 were the most prized invention. The discovery of streptomycin created a revolution in the medical world as it effectively put an end to the threat of tuberculosis. The discovery also gained him the most coveted award, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1952.
In 1929, Waksman was bestowed with the Nitrate of Soda Nitrogen Research Award. This was the only prize won by him during his early years.
In 1952, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the antibiotic streptomycin, the first effective antibiotic against tuberculosis. Same year, he received Japan’s highest honour, Star of the Rising Sun by the then Emperor of Japan.
(Quoted from the Preface of the book: "This is a book abou...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
(In Three Volumes. Volume 1, Nature, Occurrence, And Activ...)
Quotations:
"Streptomycin belongs to a group of compounds, known as antibiotics, which are produced by microorganisms and which possess the property of inhibiting the growth and even of destroying other microorganisms. "
"The first true antibiotic to be derived from a culture of an actinomyces was isolated in our department in 1940. The organism, Actinomyces antibioticus, yielded a substance which was designated as actinomycin. It was soon crystallized, and its chemical and biological properties were established. "
"The soil is not a mass of dead debris, merely resulting from the physical and chemical weathering of rocks; it is a more or less homogeneous system which has resulted from the decomposition of plant and animal remains. It is teeming with life. "
"In learning to utilize antibiotics for the control of human and animal diseases, the medical and veterinary professions have acquired powerful tools for combating infections and epidemics. "
On August 4, 1916, Waksman married Bertha Deborah Mitnik. The couple was blessed with a daughter, Byron Halsted.
