World Biographical Encyclopedia

Emanuel Swedenborg was a Swedish scientist, Christian mystic, philosopher, and theologian who wrote voluminously in interpreting the Scriptures as the immediate word of God. Soon after his death, devoted followers created Swedenborgian societies dedicated to the study of his thought. These societies formed the nucleus of the Church of the New Jerusalem, or New Church, also called the Swedenborgia...

Mark Rothko

Mark Rothko was an American painter of Jewish descent. Although Rothko himself refused to adhere to any art movement, he is generally identified as an abstract expressionist. His use of colour as the sole means of expression led to the development of Colour Field Painting.

Reinhard Heydrich

Reinhard Heydrich was a Nazi German military and official. He was Heinrich Himmler's chief lieutenant in the Schutzstaffel ("Protective Echelon"), the paramilitary corps commonly known as the SS. He played a key role in organizing the Holocaust during the opening years of World War II.

John Lydon

John Lydon, also known as Johny Rotten, is an English singer, songwriter and television presenter. As the frontman and lyricist of the Sex Pistols, Johnny Rotten changed the face of music and sparked a cultural revolution. Lydon is the godfather of British punk, a leader in the arty post-punk movement with Public Image Ltd., and a participant in the alternative rock scene his earlier work helped ...

Michael Caine

Sir Michael Caine is an English actor, producer, and author. He appeared in more than 100 films, and his amiable Cockney persona was usually present in each performance.

Eli Ginzberg

Eli Ginzberg was an economist who taught at Columbia University for more than six decades, advised eight American presidents, and led pioneering research efforts in employment and health care. His works include around 180 books and innumerable articles.