Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger was a Danish poet and playwright. He introduced romanticism into Danish literature.
Background
Oehlenschläger was born on November 14, 1779 in Copenhagen, Denmark. His father, a Schleswiger by birth, was at that time organist, and later became keeper, of the royal palace of Frederiksberg; he was a very brisk and cheerful man. The poet's mother, on the other hand, who was partly German by extraction, suffered from depression, which afterwards deepened into melancholy madness. He had a sister, named Sofia.
Education
Oehlenschläger was to have been apprenticed to a merchant, but instead he attempted to become an actor and later entered the University of Copenhagen as a student.
Career
In 1802 Oehlenschläger met the Norwegian philosopher, Henrik Steffens, who had just returned from Germany imbued with Romanticism; a rather long conversation with him resulted in Oehlenschläger's writing the radiant poem Guldhornene (1802; "The Golden Horns"), which sounded a fresh and entirely new note in Danish literature. From then on Oehlenschläger devoted himself wholly to writing, his Digte ("Poems") appearing in 1803. This volume contained the exquisite St. Hans Aften-Spil ("St. John's Eve Fete"). Aladdin (1805; English translation, 1863) is considered one of his masterpieces. Recognized now as a poet of rank, Oehlenschläger obtained a grant from the government to go abroad; he remained away from Denmark for four years. While in foreign countries he wrote his tragedy Hakon Jarl (1805) and the Romantic drama Axel og Valborg (1809). After his return to Denmark, Oehlenschläger became professor of aesthetics at the University of Copenhagen. He wrote the versified romance, Helge (1814), Hroars Saga (1817; "The Saga of Roar"), and a cycle of mythological poems entitled Nordens Guder (1818; The Gods of the North, 1845). Several tragedies followed, adding to Oehlenschläger's fame and reputation. But the writings of his later years lack the genius of his earlier works. Oehlenschläger may be said to have exerted a greater influence on Danish literature than any other writer, with the exception of Ludvig Holberg (1684-1754), endowing the language with a poetic beauty it had never had before. He died in Copenhagen, January 20, 1850.