Ahmad Ahmad

Background

Ahmad bin Ali was a son of Imam al-Mansur Ali I. In the early 19th century, dramatic political events rocked the Zaidi state.

Career

That meant the loss of vital revenues. Aggression from tribal groups outside the capital San"a further eroded the imam"s power. As al-Mansur Ali I grew old and weak, intrigues arose around his person.

Finally, in 1808, Prince Ahmad took power at court.

Ahmad managed to abate the worst violence from the highland tribesmen. However, the governor of the important trading port Mocha refused to acknowledge the usurpation of power, and received assistance from the Sultan of Lahej and Aden.

Abu Nuqta marched into the territory of Sharif Hamud in July 1809 and defeated him, but shortly afterwards he was himself killed in an assault by the Abu Arish warriors on his camp. This event gave Sharif Hamud a powerful position as autonomous chief in the Tihamah.

In October 1809 the old imam died.

Ahmad was formally elevated to the position under the name al-Mutawakkil Ahmad. The new imam took a conciliatory stance to gain support. He remitted taxes, forgave some previous offences, and spent generously on the poor.

The governor of Mocha laid down his arms, and died in the following year.

Muhammad Ali was intent on gaining power over the potentially rich lands of Yemen. The sharif gave an evasive reply.

The imam was positive to the proposal but had little means to assist Muhammad Ali. The Ottoman forces were temporarily defeated by Shaykh Tami of Asir in 1814.

In the next year, however, Sharif Hamud took Shaykh Tami prisoner and delivered him to the Ottomans.

Achievements

• The latter would, within a few years, win back the Tihamah with Turkish help, at the same time putting himself in dependence of the Ottoman state.