Background
ESSEN, Aleksandr was born in 1880. Son of a nobleman.
ESSEN, Aleksandr was born in 1880. Son of a nobleman.
1899 joined student movement. From 1902 worked for Social-Democratic organisation. 1903-1905 member, Yekaterinoslav, Saint St. Petersburg and Moscow Party Committees.
1905 non-voting deleg at 3rd Party Congress. December 1905 arrested in Saint St. Petersburg and help in custody for eight months. Until late 1906 Party work in Moscow.
1907 refrained from Party work due to illness. After 1917 February Revol joined internationalists. Agitator for Tiflis Soviet of Workers’ Deputy.
Edited internationalist newspaper in Tiflis. 1922 ed, journal Kavkazskiy rabochiy. 1923-1925 rector, Tiflis Polytech Institute.
1925 moved to Moscow. Deputy chairman, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic State Planning Committee. From 1929 chairman, Tcch-Economy Agency, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics People's Commissariat of Communications.
Religion discourages exploration of science and universe by suppressing curiosity, and denies its followers a broader perspective.
Marxism–Leninism as the only truth could not, by its very nature, become outdated.
Communist Party member from 1920.