Background
MANDEL’SHTAM, Aleksandr was born in 1878.
MANDEL’SHTAM, Aleksandr was born in 1878.
Until 1904 helped smuggle Party lit, then agitator and propagandist. From 1905 member, Kiev, Odessa, Saint St. Petersburg and Ivanovo-Voznesensk Party Committee. During 1905 Revol member, Moscow Okrug Party Committee.
Helped plan December 1905 uprising. Then worked in Kiev; from October 1906 in Moscow. 1907 attended London Party Congress.
1906-1910 member, Moscow Party Committee. 1911 exiled for three year to Narym. 1914-1917 in Russian Army.
After 1917 February Revol member, Minsk Executive Committee. During 1917 October Revol member, Basmannyy Rayon Revol Committee, Moscow. 1917-1919 staff comissar, Moscow Military district.
Then served with 3rd and 7 th Armies. Head, Agitation Department, Main Polit Board, People's Commissariat of Means of Communication. 1920-1921 ed, newspaper “Gudok”.
1921-1922 secretary, Khamovniki Rayon Party Committee,Moscow. 1925-1927 ed, journal “Molodaya gvardiya”. From 1927 worked for People's Commissariat of Education.
Religion is a tool used by the ruling classes for the masses to relieve their suffering via the act of experiencing religious emotions.
Communist Party is the leading force of Soviet society, and the nucleus of all state and public organizations.
Communist Party member from 1902.