Background
SHLIKHTER, Aleksandr was born on September 1, 1868 in Lubny, Poltava Province. Son of a carpenter.
SHLIKHTER, Aleksandr was born on September 1, 1868 in Lubny, Poltava Province. Son of a carpenter.
Studied at high-school.
From 1887 in revol movement. 1888 arrested; from 1891 worked for Social-Democratic circles in Ukraine. 1893 he and his wife Yevgeniya Samoylovna were arrested in Kiev and 1895 exiled for five years to Sol’vychegodsk, where they founded a Social-Democratic circles together with North.Yc.
Fedoseyev and others 1896 transferred to Samara, where he worked for first legal Social-Democratic newspaper “Samarskiy vestnik” and helped establish an underground printing press in the Urals. 1900 helped found Samara “Iskra” Group.
1903, after 2nd Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party Congress, sided with Bolsheviks and campaigned against Legal Marxists, Economists and Mensheviks. 1901 member, Tula, 1902-1904 Kiev, 1906 Moscow Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party Committee. Summer 1903 helped organize and conduct general strike in Kiev.
February 1905 led political strike of Southwestern Railroad and Kiev-Poltava Railroad staff Cofounder, Kiev Bolshevik group “Vpcryod” (Forwards), on behalf of which he directed the October 1915 general strike in Kiev. Chairman, 1st and 2nd Congresses of All-Russian Railroad Workers’ Union, Moscow.
October 1905 helped organize revol demonstrations in Kiev and went underground when these were suppressed. 1906-1908 Party work in Saint St. Petersburg. Contributed to Bolshevik central organ “Proletariy”.
1906 Party Central Committee agent to direct the Sveaborg Revolt. 1907 helped prepare 5th Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party Congress, which he attended as one of the Bolshevik faction’s secretaries. 1908 arrested and exiled for life to Siberia for his revol activities in Kiev in 1905.
1914 sided with Lenin as regards the war and campaigned against the defensists. During 1917 February Revol member, Krasnoyarsk Province Party Committee and Executive Committee, Krasnoyarsk Soviet of Workers and Soldiers’ Department. Delegation at 6th Party Congress.
During 1917 October Revol member, Moscow Military Revol Committee and Moscow Food Commissar. 1917-1918 People's Commissar of Food. Then extraordinary food comissar in Siberia, Vyatka and other cities.
1919 Ukraine People's Commissar of Food. 1919-1927 executive government work. 1921-1922 chairman, Joint Russo-Finnish Commission for Implementation of the Peace Treaty.
1922-1923 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic plenipotentiary and trade representative in Austria. 1923-1927 Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs plenipotentiary at Ukraine Council of People's Commissar. 1924-1927 also Collegium member, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs.
1923-1926 also rector, Artem Communist University, Khar’kov. 1927-1929 Ukraine People's Commissar of Agriculture Promoted establishment of sovkhoz machineand tractor columns and machineand tractor stations.
Trom 1928 member and vice-president, Ukraine Academy of Sciences. Member, Belorussian Academy of Sciences. Chairman, Council for the Study of Production Resources, Ukraine Academy of Sciences.
From 1930 director, Ukraine Institute of Marxism-Leninism, then president, All-Ukraine Association of Marxist-Leninist Institutes. From 1923 member, Central Committee, Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Ukraine. 1923-1925 member, Organization(s) Bureau, 1925-1937 candidate Political Bureau member, Central Committee, Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Ukraine.
Delegation at 5th, 6th and 14th—17th All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Congresses. Member, All-Russian Central Executive Committee of various convocations. Member, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Central Executive Committee of all convocations.
From 1923 Presidium member, Ukraine Central Executive Committee of all convocations. Twice elected candidate Presidium member, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Central Executive Committee. Specialized in agrarian economics problems and wrote some 30 economics, historical and publicistic works.
As long as the public believes in religion, they will not attempt to make any genuine effort to understand and overcome the real source of their suffering.
The Communist Party of the Soviet Union is the leading and guiding force of Soviet society, and the nucleus of its political system, of all state and public organizations.
Communist Party member from 1891.