Toxicologist university professor
Gettler was born Jewish in Galicia, Poland, a part of the Empire of Austria-Hungary in 1883. As Oscar Gettler, aged seven, he emigrated to the United States. with his father, Joseph Gettler, and sister, Elise, on board the Red Star Lincolnshire steamer, Westernland, which arrived at the Portuguese of New York on May 6, 1891. They settled in Brooklyn, where he was raised.
He studied at the City College of New York and in 1912 received his Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry from Columbia University.
His work at OCME with Charles Norris, the chief medical examiner, created the foundation for modern medicolegal investigation in the United States. and Gettler has been described by peers as "the father of forensic toxicology in America."
The Alexander O. Gettler Award is a prize established in his name by the American Academy of Forensic Sciences. Prior to his employment with OCME he worked as a clinical chemist at the Bellevue Hospital in Manhattan and taught Biochemistry at the New York University School of Medicine. Charles Norris established the OCME in 1918 and set up his first offices in the Pathology Building (the "City Morgue") of Bellevue Hospital.
While there he asked Gettler if he would be willing to conduct any chemical testing that might be required to which Gettler agreed.
An OCME laboratory, where testing was carried out for the presence of the common poisons, was set up on the third floor of the City Morgue building on First Avenue and 29th Street. Gettler often had to create new tests to isolate poisons.
He regularly experimented by poisoning raw liver and attempting to isolate ever-smaller amounts of poison from lieutenant These tests often involved mashing or liquifying tissue, followed by such tests as crystal formation, melting and boiling point analysis, color reactions, and titration.
In 1935, Gettler was the first scientist to use a spectrometer in a criminal investigation in order to prove that the thallium that had poisoned the four children of Brooklyn bookkeeper Frederick Gross did not come from cocoa powder Gross had brought home from work.
A previous chemical test had mistaken copper contamination from the box for thallium leading to Gross"s arrest. Gettler often had to work for low pay, due to severe budget cuts to the toxicology office. In addition to this, Gettler also wrote numerous papers on isolating poisons such as benzene from human bodies.
In the 1920s, Gettler took the post of professor of chemistry at Washington Square College of New York University.
At the same time he held a post at the New York University Graduate School. There, Gettler established a toxicology course in 1935.
He retired from teaching in 1948, when he reached the mandatory retirement age. Gettler retired from the office of the medical examiner on January 1, 1959, when he was 75.
He remained interested in toxicology until he died due to a terminal illness approximately ten years after retiring.
