A Treatise on Martial Law, and Courts-Martial: As Practised in the United States of America, Published by Order of the United States Military Philosophical Society (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from A Treatise on Martial Law, and Courts-Martia...)
Excerpt from A Treatise on Martial Law, and Courts-Martial: As Practised in the United States of America, Published by Order of the United States Military Philosophical Society
Martial law, as it exists in this country, forms part of the Laws of the Land; and it is enacted by the same authority which is the origin of all other statutary regulations, and couse quently has the same positive obligation on those Whom it is intended to bind, as the Common and Statute Law has on all the citizens of the United States.
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A Concise System of Instructions and Regulations for the Militia and Volunteers of the United States: Comprehending the Exercises and Movements of the Infantry, Light Infantry, and Riflemen
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(This work has been selected by scholars as being cultural...)
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.
This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.
As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Road Through Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois: Letter From the Secretary of War, Transmitting a Report of the Chief Engineer, December 20, 1826 (U. S. House of Representatives, 19th Congress, 2nd Session, no. 18.)
(16 p. disbound from the original. Details the work then i...)
16 p. disbound from the original. Details the work then in progress of builing the section of the National Road through eastern Ohio. Lists the names of contractors and their bids for supplying various thicknesses of road materials.
Alexander Macomb was the Commanding General of the United States Army.
Background
Alexander Macomb was born on April 3, 1782, at Detroit. His paternal grandfather, John Macomb, had come to New York from Ireland as early as 1742; his father, Alexander Macomb, had built up a prosperous trading business at Detroit, which he did not relinquish until after the close of the Revolution.
He then returned to New York, with his wife, Catharine Navarre, daughter of Robert de Navarre, a former French official at Detroit, and with their son, Alexander Macomb the younger.
Education
The boy was placed in school at an academy in Newark, New Jersey, where Alexander received "the rudiments of a classical, mathematical, and French education. "
Career
At the age of sixteen, Macomb was enrolled in a New York City militia company, and during the period of hostilities with France, the recommendation of Alexander Hamilton secured him a commission in the regular army as cornet of light dragoons. In the same year (1799), he was promoted to the second lieutenant, and after being honorably discharged at the close of hostilities, he was again commissioned, this time as the second lieutenant of infantry.
During his period of service in the dragoons, he had been designated as assistant to Adj. -Gen. William North, a thoroughly trained veteran of the Revolution, and from North and Hamilton, near whose headquarters he was stationed, he learned much about the organization and administration of an army. In 1801 and 1802, he was attached as secretary to a commission composed of Generals Wilkinson and Pickens and Colonel Hawkins, appointed to treat with the Indians of the Southeast.
The commission traveled extensively in the country of the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians.
Shortly thereafter, Macomb was commissioned first lieutenant in the Corps of Engineers, the newly created unit which at this time constituted the United States Military Academy. Macomb and another lieutenant were the first student officers to receive formal training at West Point and to complete a course of study there. After completing his own course of study Macomb remained on duty at West Point till 1805, when he was commissioned captain in the Corps of Engineers and ordered to duty elsewhere.
From 1807 to 1812, he was a chief engineer in charge of coast fortifications in the Carolinas and Georgia. He became a major in February 1808 and a lieutenant colonel in July 1810. In April 1812, he was ordered to Washington as adjutant-general, charged with the duty of preparing the army for impending war. When the war was declared, and his position in the Corps of Engineers prevented his holding an active command, he was at his own request transferred to the artillery, commissioned colonel, and sent to New York to raise a regiment. The following winter he was in command at Sacketts Harbor; in the spring of 1813, he participated in the capture of Fort George on the Niagara River, and in the fall of the same year took a minor part in Wilkinson's St. Lawrence campaign.
He was made a brigadier-general in January 1814 and was stationed with his brigade in the Lake Champlain region. When General Izard with the main army at Plattsburg was ordered to Sacketts Harbor in August 1814, Macomb was left with about fifteen hundred regulars fit for duty, and such volunteers as could be mustered in the neighboring country, to confront an invading force of some fifteen thousand British veterans under Gov. Sir George Prevost.
His position at Plattsburg had been strongly fortified under Izard's direction, and Macomb worked energetically to make it stronger and to give the British an exaggerated idea of his resources. His defense against the attack of September 11, was skilfully conducted, but the precipitate retreat of the British was probably due rather to the destruction of their fleet by Macdonough and the resulting danger to their communications than to the prowess of the small American army.
Nevertheless, Macomb and his troops were signally honored by Congress and by the state and city of New York, and Macomb was given the brevet rank of major-general. After the close of the war, Macomb was a member of a board which worked out the plan on which the army was reorganized. He was stationed for a short time in New York in command of the third military district and was then shifted to the fifth district with headquarters at Detroit.
In 1821, he went to Washington as head of the Corps of Engineers. On the death of Gen. Jacob Brown in 1828, Macomb was designated to succeed him as senior major-general and commanding general of the United States army a position which he filled until his death at Washington, June 25, 1841. Among Macomb's official papers was a "Memoir on the Organization of the Army of the United States" (1826), in which he urged a plan for bringing the militia under more centralized control and better discipline.
In a letter of January 27, 1829, replying to an inquiry of Secretary of War Peter B. Porter, he recommended the abolition of the whiskey ration in the army and should share in the credit for the general order issued the next year discontinuing that ancient practice. His ability seems to have been primarily of the organizing, systematizing kind, which the army of his day greatly needed.
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Connections
Macomb was married, July 23, 1803, to his cousin, Catharine Macomb, of Belleville, New Jersey, who became the mother of a large family. After her death, he was married in 1826 to Harriet (Balch) Wilson, a widow.