Alvaro Semedo

Background

Álvaro Semedo was born in Nisa, Portugal in 1585 or 1586.

Career

Do Vencimento. He arrived in Macau in 1610, and Nanjing in 1613. As the persecution campaign in the mainland China abated, French Semedo changed his Chinese name from Xie Wulu to Zeng Dezhao and re-entered China, now working in Jiangsu and Jiangnan provinces.

He spent most of his term in China in the central and southern provinces.

Perhaps his only trip north was the one he made to Xi"an in 1625, during which he was the first European to see the recently unearthed Nestorian Stele. In 1636, Semedo went back to Europe as a procurator, sent by his Order to recruit people for the China mission and to ensure continued assistance from the church in Europe.

During his sojourn in Europe, he published a long report on China, best known under its Spanish title, Imperio de la China. During several years after the fall of Beijing to the Manchus in 1644, he continued to work with the Ming loyalist regimes in the Southern China (notably, sending Michał Boym to the court of the Southern Ming Yongli Emperor), even as most of Jesuits elsewhere in China were switching their loyalty to the recently established Qing Dynasty.

Once the Qing took Canton, Semedo was detained, but was freed a few months later, reportedly due to the interference of Beijing-based Johann Adam Schall von Bell.

He spent the rest of his life in Guangzhou, where he died.

Works

More photos

• book

  • The History Of That Great And Renowned Monarchy Of China. Wherein All The Particular Provinces Are Accurately Described: As Also The Dispositions, Manners, Learning, Lawes, Militia, Government, And Religion Of The People. Together With The Traffick And Co

    (High Quality FACSIMILE REPRODUCTION: Semedo, Alvaro :The ...)