Amelia Earhart was one of America’s illustrious aviators and was the first female to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. She was known for her unflinching and exploratory spirit that made her a powerful figure among American women.
Background
Amelia Mary Earhart was born to Samuel ‘Edwin’ Stanton Earhart and Amelia ‘Amy’ Otis Earhart. She was the second child born to the couple after a stillborn baby.
She was born in Atchison, Kansas, in the home of her maternal grandfather, Alfred Gideon Otis, who was a former federal judge, the president of the Atchison Savings Bank and a leading citizen in the town on July 24, 1898.
From a very young age, she had an adventurous spirit and loved to play outdoors. She was later sent to live with her grandparents, when her parents shifted to Des Moines.
Education
For most part of her early-life, she was home-schooled by her mother and a governess. She was very fond of reading and would spend hours in the family library, reading voraciously.
When the family reunified in 1909, she was sent to school where she studied from the 7th grade till 12th grade.
She then enrolled to Hyde Park High School, from where she graduated in 1916. After graduating, she studied at Ogontz School in Pennsylvania, but failed to complete her program there.
She joined Columbia University to pursue her medical studies, in 1919, but finally decided to quit after being there for one semester.
Career
At the outbreak of World War I, she started working with the ‘Volunteer Aid Detachment’ department at the Spadina Military Hospital, where her work necessitated, preparing food in the kitchen and handing out prescribed medication to the wounded.
On December 28, 1920, she visited an aerodrome with her father, where Frank Hawks, an air racer, inspired her to pursue a career in aviation. During this time, she became determined to fly, and took up a number of odd jobs to save up money for ‘flying lessons’.
In 1921, she took flying lessons from Neta Snook, a pioneer female aviator, and purchased her first aircraft, a yellow, Kinner Airster biplane, which she fondly called ‘The Canary’. The following year, she created history, by flying the Airster to an altitude of 14, 000 feet, setting a world record for female aviators.
She became the 16th woman to have been issued a pilot’s license by the ‘Federation Aeronautique Internationale’ on May 15, 1923.
Around the same time, the family was going through a very rough financial patch and in order to support her family, she had to sell ‘The Canary’ and bought a ‘Speedster’, which she called ‘Yellow Peril’.
She began to work as a social worker at the Denison House, in 1926, where she helped children.
In 1928, she became the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean as passenger. Although she wanted to fly solo over the Atlantic, she could not, as the flight functioned with new instruments and she had no prior experience to handle this new technology.
From 1928 to 1929, she embarked on a lecture tour, which exhausted her. The same year, she decided to fly solo across the North American continent and back, becoming the first woman to do so and gaining immense fame in the process.
In 1930, she became an official of the ‘National Aeronautic Association’. The following year, she set a new record when she flew 18, 415 feet from a borrowed company engine.
She became involved with ‘The Ninety-Nines’, an organization that was established to support a career in aviation for women. She became ‘The Ninety-Nines’ president in 1931 after she was offered her air transport license.
In 1935, she once again flew solo over the Pacific Ocean from Honolulu to Oakland and from California to Mexico City. She undertook a nonstop flight Mexico to Newark, New Jersey.
In 1937, she went on an around-the-world flight from Oakland to Hawaii, but in her second attempt, her flight disappeared nearly Howland Island on July 2 the same year.
Achievements
She was the 16th woman in the world to be issued a pilot’s license from the ‘Federation Aeronautique Internationale’ and after a period of laborious aviation training, she took her first flight in a yellow Kinner Airster biplane, flying it an altitude of 14, 000 feet. She became the first female pilot in the world to have achieved this feat and she also set the world record for the ‘fastest non-stop transcontinental flight’, which was completed in 19 hours and 5 minutes.
She set a record of 19 hours and 5 minutes which became the fastest transcontinental flight by a woman. She then broke her own record after she achieved flight time of 17 hours, 7 minutes and 30 seconds.
In 1932, she became the first woman ever to fly solo over the Atlantic Ocean in a Lockheed Vega.
She was presented the Army Air Corps Distinguished Flying Cross in 1932.
She was awarded the Gold Medal of National Geographic Society in 1932.
She won the Harmon Trophy for ‘America’s Outstanding Airwoman’ for three consecutive years; 1932, 1933 and 1934.
She was also the proud recipient of the US Distinguished Flying Cross.
Connections
She was engaged to Samuel Chapman but the alliance broke sometime in 1928. She then went on to marry George Palmer Putnam in 1931. Although the couple had no children of their own, Putnam had two sons from his previous marriage.
