De Mi Propia Mano - Seleccion y prologo Jose Luis Salcedo-Bastardo. Cronologia Ines Mercedes Quintero Montiel, Andres Eloy Romero (Biblioteca Ayacucho N° 90)
(El volumen dedicado al Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho (Venezue...)
El volumen dedicado al Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho (Venezuela, 1795-Colombia, 1830), presenta 225 documentos, de entre los casi siete mil que ha dejado, la gran mayoría escritos de su puño y letra. Ellos nos ofrecen, más allá del perfil establecido por la historiografía tradicional, la viva imagen del gran americano, del brillante militar, del estadista y del magistrado, y destacan, asimismo, dos de sus preocupaciones fundamentales: la unidad latinoamericana y la educación. "Siendo una misma la causa de los americanos, es una misma nuestra patria", escribía en 1821. Y para la realización efectiva de esa unidad, Sucre tenía una confianza total en la acción educativa. Esta edición suministra elementos precisos para la cabal comprensión de la extraordinaria personalidad de una de las más auténticas glorias de América.
(La coincidencia entre las ideas libertarias de Simón Bolí...)
La coincidencia entre las ideas libertarias de Simón Bolívar y Antonio José de Sucre se manifiesta plenamente a lo largo de los 225 textos que componen esta obra. La necesidad de Bolívar de imaginar una Nación de Naciones, Patria de Patrias, como subraya Leopoldo Zea en su introducción, se corresponde estrechamente con el ideal de Sucre en cuanto a la Gran Patria Colombiana o Americana.
(El vencedor de Ayacucho, la batalla que puso fin a la dom...)
El vencedor de Ayacucho, la batalla que puso fin a la dominación española en Hispanoamérica, fue, desde luego, un talentoso militar y estratega a quien interesó, tanto como la guerra, alcanzar la paz con el enemigo y reorganizar los contingentes antes y después de los combates. De ahí la puntillosa participación de Antonio José de Sucre (1795-1830) en las entrevistas, negociaciones y acuerdos que llevaron a la paz o hicieron más humanos los combates, en las providencias para impedir los abusos de las tropas, en las fatigosas tareas de intendencia, que le resultaban un suplicio. Fue además un ejemplar hombre de estado en Bolivia, Ecuador y Perú como en toda la Gran Colombia. Murió joven, asesinado. De sus cartas, proclamas y abundantes papeles se ofrecen en este volumen los que resaltan más sus preocupaciones de americano y servidor de nuestros países.
Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá, known as the "Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho", was a Venezuelan independence leader who served as the fourth President of Peru and the second President of Bolivia.
Background
Antonio José de Sucre was born on February 3, 1795, at Cumaná in eastern Venezuela.
The aristocratic Sucre family traces its roots back to origins in Flanders. It arrived in Venezuela through Charles de Sucre y Franco Perez, a Flemish nobleman, son of Charles Adrian de Sucre, Marquess of Peru and Buenaventura Carolina Isabel Garrido y Pardo, a Spanish noblewoman. Charles de Sucre y Pardo served as a soldier in Catalonia in 1698 and was later named Governor of Cartagena de Indias and Captain General of Cuba. On December 22, 1779, Charles de Sucre y Pardo arrived in Cumaná, Venezuela, having been named Governor of New Andalucia, which includes present-day Sucre State.
Education
When he was 13, his family, which belonged to the local aristocracy, sent him away to study in Caracas.
Career
At the outbreak of the revolution against Spain, he joined the patriot army, and he shared in both the successes and the reverses of the Venezuelan First and Second Republics. After the collapse of the latter in 1814, he took refuge in the Antilles, fought at Cartagena in New Granada, and fled again, to Haiti, toward the end of 1815.
In 1816 Sucre was once more in Venezuela. He served with distinction under Gen. Santiago Mariño against the royalists but refused to follow Mariño when he sought to challenge Bolívar's authority.
For these and other reasons the young Sucre became a special favorite of Bolívar, and Sucre reciprocated with an unquestioned loyalty to his chief.
In 1821 Sucre undertook his most important assignment to date, which was to invade the Ecuadorian highlands from the Pacific coast. He met with success at the battle of Pichincha (May 24, 1822), which delivered Quito into patriot hands and paved the way for its incorporation into the unified republic of Gran Colombia. Subsequently Sucre went with a Colombian advance guard to continue the struggle in Peru. Though Bolívar ultimately came to Peru himself, it was Sucre who commanded the patriot army at the decisive victory of Ayacucho (Dec. 9, 1824), the last major engagement of the war.
After Ayacucho, Sucre moved into Upper Peru (modern Bolivia), where Spanish resistance rapidly crumbled. He remained to help organize the region and in 1826 was inaugurated as president of the new republic of Bolivia. But his presidency was not wholly successful. Many Bolivians resented him as a foreigner; and he was saddled with an inordinately complicated constitution which Bolívar had drafted. Amid mounting unrest, Sucre resigned in August 1828 and returned to Gran Colombia.
Sucre's intention was to settle down at Quito. But the coming of war between Gran Colombia and Peru brought him back into active service; he defeated a Peruvian invasion force at the battle of Tarqui on Feb. 27, 1829. Early in 1830 he served as president of a constitutional convention, meeting at Bogotá, which proved unable to halt the disintegration of Gran Colombia. On his way back to Quito, he was assassinated at Berruecos near Pasto on June 4, 1830. Suspicion fell on Bolívar's liberal opponents, who regarded Sucre as his political heir; but the origins of the crime are still hotly debated.