(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(Full Title:The Decision of the U. S. Supreme Court in the...)
Full Title:The Decision of the U. S. Supreme Court in the Louisville Segregation Case (Buchanan vs. Warley 245 U. S. 60.) Argued in the Supreme Court of the United States April 11, 1916, and Re-Argued April 27, 1917. The Unanimous Decision of the Court was Handed Do Description: The Making of the Modern Law: Trials, 1600-1926 collection provides descriptions of the major trials from over 300 years, with official trial documents, unofficially published accounts of the trials, briefs and arguments and more. Readers can delve into sensational trials as well as those precedent-setting trials associated with key constitutional and historical issues and discover, including the Amistad Slavery case, the Dred Scott case and Scopes "monkey" trial.Trials provides unfiltered narrative into the lives of the trial participants as well as everyday people, providing an unparalleled source for the historical study of sex, gender, class, marriage and divorce. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++ Court Record New York City Bar New York: Published by the National Association for the Advancement of colored People 69 fifth Avenue April, 1926.
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(HARDCOVER)
HARDCOVER
https://www.amazon.com/Fight-Freedom-Story-Langston-Hughes/dp/1258025604?SubscriptionId=AKIAJRRWTH346WSPOAFQ&tag=prabook-20&linkCode=sp1&camp=2025&creative=165953&creativeASIN=1258025604
Arthur was born on March 28, 1878 in New York City, New York City, United States, the second son of Sarah Barnett and Elias Spingarn, an Austrian Jewish immigrant, successful tobacco merchant, and member of the New York City Chamber of Commerce. His brother Joel served as president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 1930 to 1939 and endowed its Spingarn Medal, presented yearly to an outstanding black American.
According to his father's wishes, Spingarn prepared to become a lawyer, receiving a B. A. in 1897, an M. A. in 1899, and a law degree in 1900, all from Columbia University.
After studies Spingarn was admitted to the New York bar. The discrimination against blacks he discovered while prosecuting a civil rights case made such an impression on him that he dedicated his life to battling prejudice. Soon after the NAACP was formed by a number of white liberals in 1909, Spingarn became involved as unpaid counsel. From 1911 to 1940 he was concurrently vice-president of the association and chairman of its national legal committee.
In 1940 he replaced his brother Joel as president of the association, serving until 1966. From 1940 to 1957 he was president of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. He served as a captain in the U. S. Army from 1917 to 1919.
As the driving force in the NAACP's legal activities, Spingarn was at the center of the organization's efforts to end discrimination. Sometimes he would argue cases himself, but more often he recruited the best legal talent available at little or no cost to the financially strapped organization. Three years of activity resulted in Buchanan v. Warley (1917), the Supreme Court case in which a Louisville, Kentucky, ordinance prohibiting blacks from residing in designated areas in the city was declared unconstitutional.
In 1925 he coordinated the case of Dr. Ossian Sweet, who met violence after purchasing a home in a white area of Detroit. Clarence Darrow led the NAACP legal team in court. Spingarn personally argued Nixon v. Herndon (1927) and Nixon v. Condon (1932), the cases that resulted in the declaration that the Texas all-white primary was unconstitutional. Less successfully, he and the NAACP called for a federal antilynching law, but one was never passed. But decades of hard work by NAACP lawyers culminated in the seminal Brown v. Board of Education decision of 1954.
When DuBois, editor of the NAACP's Crisis magazine, began to take a Marxist position in the 1930's and called for an all-black economic order, Spingarn did not agree. The resulting controversy within the NAACP ended when, on June 26, 1934, DuBois resigned his editorship. Through it all, Spingarn never lost his admiration for him.
In 1914, he organized an antidiscrimination picket line in Memphis, Tennessee. For most of his life, however, he used the more reasoned legal approach.
Spingarn resigned in 1966 at the age of eighty-seven and was named honorary president for life. His work with the NAACP took 80 percent of his time, but he also maintained a limited private practice.
He died on December 1, 1971 in New York City.
Arthur Barnett Spingarn succeeded his brother Joel Elias Spingarn as president of the NAACP and served in that capacity more than two decades. He donated more than 5, 000 items to Howard University that were housed in the Moorland-Spingarn Research Center. besides, Spingarn wrote popular articles on legal and race relations and a book titled Laws Relating to Sex Morality in New York City (1915), as well as an introduction to African Saga (1927).
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(Full Title:The Decision of the U. S. Supreme Court in the...)
(HARDCOVER)
Spingarn was a firm believer in using the law to overturn discrimination.
Quotations: Considering the discrimination blacks had suffered, Spingarn concluded, "We wonder, not that Africans have produced so little, but that they have been able to produce so much. "
Spingarn was five feet, seven inches tall and of stocky build, with brown eyes and, in his later years, white hair. He had an outgoing personality that proved extremely helpful in his difficult work.
On January 27, 1918, he married Marion Mayer, a social worker. They had no children.
