(Benito Pablo Juárez García, presidente de la República qu...)
Benito Pablo Juárez García, presidente de la República que promulgó las liberales Leyes de Reforma, defendió la soberanía nacional ante la invasión extranjera y promovió el orden constitucional republicano. Se presenta aquí una semblanza del hombre y una selección de su correspondencia política.
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(En el momento en que se divulgó en Europa la noticia del ...)
En el momento en que se divulgó en Europa la noticia del fusilamiento de un miembro de la Casa de Austria, tanto México como su legítimo gobernante, Benito Juárez, fueron atacados. Éste, pese a no haber necesidad de hacerlo, decidió redactar un manifiesto en el que daba cuenta de las razones por las cuales Maximiliano de Habsburgo había encontrado la muerte. En este documento, el lector hallará la explicación detallada de las implicaciones que tuvo la intervención de una nación extranjera que atentó contra la soberanía de México, sus consecuencias y el resultado final.
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(Texto clásico en el que Juárez cuenta su nacimiento, prim...)
Texto clásico en el que Juárez cuenta su nacimiento, primeros pasos, educación y, sobre todo, su entrada a la política mexicana. Esta nueva edición ilustrada se completa la biografía del benemérito con un texto de Cuauhtémoc Hernández, donde además se incluyen un breve prólogo que habla de su importancia, realizado por Josefina Zoraida Vázquez, y un glosario.
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(Leopold is delighted to publish this classic book as part...)
Leopold is delighted to publish this classic book as part of our extensive Classic Library collection. Many of the books in our collection have been out of print for decades, and therefore have not been accessible to the general public. The aim of our publishing program is to facilitate rapid access to this vast reservoir of literature, and our view is that this is a significant literary work, which deserves to be brought back into print after many decades. The contents of the vast majority of titles in the Classic Library have been scanned from the original works. To ensure a high quality product, each title has been meticulously hand curated by our staff. This means that we have checked every single page in every title, making it highly unlikely that any material imperfections such as poor picture quality, blurred or missing text - remain. When our staff observed such imperfections in the original work, these have either been repaired, or the title has been excluded from the Leopold Classic Library catalogue. As part of our on-going commitment to delivering value to the reader, within the book we have also provided you with a link to a website, where you may download a digital version of this work for free. Our philosophy has been guided by a desire to provide the reader with a book that is as close as possible to ownership of the original work. We hope that you will enjoy this wonderful classic work, and that for you it becomes an enriching experience. If you would like to learn more about the Leopold Classic Library collection please visit our website at www.leopoldclassiclibrary.com
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Benito Pablo Juárez García was born on March 21, 1806, in a small adobe house in San Pablo Guelatao, Oaxaca, to Marcelino Juarez and Brígida García, both of whom were peasants. He was orphaned at the age of three as his parents died due to complications of diabetes.
Shortly afterward, his grandparents died as well, so after that his uncle raised him. In order to support himself, he worked as a shepherd and in the corn fields until the age of twelve. In order to go to school, he walked to the city of Oaxaca de Juarez, where he also worked as the domestic servant to Antonio Maza. He was later given a job in the city seminary, Santa Cruz on the recommendation of lay Franciscan, Antonio Salanueva.
In 1827, he graduated from the Santa Cruz seminary. Here he had learnt Spanish and law. He later attended the Institute of Science and Art.
In 1834, he received his law degree and became immensely active in the political sphere in both the city and the state level. By this time, he was much appreciated for defending the rights of natives.
In 1841, he was appointed by the state government as a federal court. In 1847, he was appointed as governor of the state of Oaxaca, after the Liberal party came to power. During his tenure, he played a crucial role in infrastructure development and improved the economy. He remained in the position of the governor of the state of Oaxaca until 1852, after which he faced many objections during the dictatorship of Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.
In 1853, due to the dictatorship of Antonio Lppez de Santa Anna, he went on exile to New Orleans, Louisiana, where he earned his living by working in a cigar factory. In 1854, he was one of the people who helped in the drafting of the Plan of Ayutla, which was made in order to remove Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna from power and create a new constitution. The rule of Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was not very favourable among the public, which began to express their discontent. As a result, Antonio stepped down and Juarez ended his exile returning to Mexico.
In 1857, a new constitution was passed, after which he was appointed as the President of the Supreme Court of Justice in the government of the President Ignacio Comonfort. The new constitution was opposed by the Conservatives led by General Felix Maria Zuloaga, who had the backing of the military and the clergy. The Conservatives arrested Benito Juarez and demanded the resignation of President Ignacio Comonfort. After Comonfort stepped down, the Conservative forces appointed Zuloaga as the President. However, according to the new constitution, in the absence of an elected president, the president of Mexico, in 1858 until the next election. He assumed the leadership of the Liberal side of the civil war. However, as Zuloaga's troops were largely controlled by Mexico, Juarez and their government were forced to flee to Queretaro and later to Veracruz. While the Conservatives were funded by the Catholic Church and the army, the Liberals earned support of other nations.
In 1859, after the McLane-Ocampo Treaty was signed with the US President James Buchanan, the United States gave aid to the Liberals to the Conservatives in the military battle.
On January 1, 1861, Liberal forces, successfully recaptured Mexico City. In March that year, Juarez was elected as the President under the rule of the "Constitution of 1857".
During his presidency, the government faced many challenges as it was. The economy was crippled and there was severe damage to the infrastructure.
After he canceled out payment of interest on foreign loans, due to the poor financial status of the country, the unpaid debts laid the foundation for the French intervention in Mexico in 1862.
In 1863, the French forces advanced their way in, thus causing him and his government to go in exile from Mexico City, yet again. He later established a government-in-exile in Chihuahua City.
Before Juarez fled, Mexican Congress granted him an emergency extension of his presidency, which would go into effect in 1865, when his term expired. The extension lasted till 1867 when the last of the French forces were defeated
In 1866, after the US opposed the French forces, they began to pull out from Mexico.
On February 7, 1866, Juárez was elected as a companion of the 3rd class of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS).
In 1867, he was re-elected as the President of Mexico.
In 1871, he was again re-elected as the president. His last two elections as president were controversial as he used the office of the presidency to ensure electoral success and suppression.
Benito Juárez died of a heart attack on July 18, 1872 while reading a newspaper at his desk in the National Palace in Mexico City, aged 66.
Benito Juárez was a prominent Mexican statesman and resistance leader against the French. After defeating the Austrian would-be emperor Maximilian, Juárez instituted numerous liberal reforms as president.
He was appointed as a companion of the 3rd Class of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.
A great number of cities, towns, streets, institutions, and other things are named after Benito Juárez. For example, the Aeropuerto Internacional Benito Juarez also known as Mexico City Juarez is named in his honour.
(Benito Pablo Juárez García, presidente de la República qu...)
(En el momento en que se divulgó en Europa la noticia del ...)
(Texto clásico en el que Juárez cuenta su nacimiento, prim...)
(Leopold is delighted to publish this classic book as part...)
Quotations:
"Among individuals, as among nations, respect for the rights of others is peace".
"The law has always been my shield and my sword".
"Democracy is the destiny of humanity; freedom its indestructible arm".
On February 7, 1866, Juárez was elected as a companion of the 3rd class of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS).
In 1843, at the age of 37, Benito Juárez married Margarita Maza, who was seventeen years old at the time of their wedding. Juárez and Maza had several children together, five of whom died in early childhood; Juárez also fathered two children before he married.
Margarita Eustaquia Maza Parada was First Lady of Mexico from 1858 to 1864, and then from 1867 until her death from cancer in 1871.
