The Life of the Ancient Greeks: Bibliography and Syllabus of Cornell University Lectures (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from The Life of the Ancient Greeks: Bibliography...)
Excerpt from The Life of the Ancient Greeks: Bibliography and Syllabus of Cornell University Lectures
Couches Pillows Mattresses Chairs Tables - Jars Vases Jugs Pots Drinking vessels Lamps The furniture of the Homeric house.
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Alexander the Great: The Merging of East and West in Universal History
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Dionysos and Immortality : the Greek Faith in Immortality as Affected by the Rise of Individualism
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Dionysos and Immortality: The Greek Faith in Immortality as Affected by the Rise of Individualism
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Books about Ancient Greece deal with the civilization that lasted from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of the period of antiquity (600AD). Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC, and was followed by Classical Greece, beginning with the Greco-Persian Wars. With the conquests by Alexander the Great of Macedonia, Hellenistic civilization spanned from Central Asia to the western end of the Mediterranean Sea. This was brought to an end through conquests by the Roman Republic, which Greece had a significant influence on.
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Analogy and the Scope of Its Application in Language
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Benjamin Ide Wheeler was a Greek and comparative philology professor at Cornell University as well as President of the University of California from 1899 to 1919.
Background
Benjamin Ide Wheeler was born on July 15, 1854 in Randolph, Massachussets, the son of Benjamin and Mary Eliza (Ide) Wheeler. He was a descendant of John Wheeler, who is said to have emigrated from England in 1634 and was one of the original proprietors of what is now Salisbury, N. H. The elder Benjamin was a Baptist minister and an austere man. The religious discipline to which the boy was subjected by his father did not, however, breed in him a distaste for religion, and he remained throughout life, at least nominally, a Baptist. To his father, also, he probably owed the beginnings of his intimate knowledge of the Bible, the book which he knew best and which strikingly colored his thought and literary style. From his mother, on the other hand, he obtained the sense of humor and the friendly outlook on life which were no less determining qualities in his character.
Education
After attending the Thornton Academy in Saco, Me. , Franklin Academy in Franklin, N. H. , and Colby Academy in New London, N. H. , he entered Brown University, where he was graduated in 1875. The four years after his marriage he spent in German universities, studying comparative philology and general linguistics, and in 1885 he received the degree of Ph. D. , summa cum laude, at the University of Heidelberg.
Career
For four years after his graduation he taught in the Providence high school. He then served for two years as instructor in Greek and Latin in Brown University. During these years he left a strong impression on his students by the zest and vigor of his teaching. He also began to display an active interest in politics which continued throughout his life. In 1880-81 he was a member of the school committee of Providence, and he joined a group of young men who formed a Democratic club with the purpose of attempting to overthrow the machine which dominated the government of Rhode Island. Many years later, when he was living in Ithaca, he took an active part in Grover Cleveland's second campaign. Membership in the Democratic party did not prevent him, however, from becoming an ardent friend and supporter of Theodore Roosevelt. Returning to America, he served for one year as instructor in German at Harvard, and was then called to Cornell as professor of comparative philology and instructor in Latin and Greek, his title being changed in 1888 to that of professor of Greek and comparative philology. He remained at Cornell for thirteen years, during one of which (1895 - 96) he was absent on leave, serving as professor of Greek literature in the American School of Classical Studies in Athens. He was not only a brilliant and admired teacher, but he took an active interest in his students outside the classroom, guiding them and advising them in their sports and activities. Most of his scholarly work was done while at Cornell. Among his most notable publications were The Greek Noun-Accent (1885), his doctoral dissertation; Analogy and the Scope of Its Application in Language (1887); Introduction to the Study of the History of Language (1891), with H. A. Strong and W. S. Logeman; Dionysos and Immortality (1899), an Ingersoll Lecture at Harvard; and Alexander the Great: The Merging of East and West in Universal History (1900). Wheeler's career at Cornell was brought to a close in 1899 by his acceptance of an invitation to become president of the University of California. When he came to it, the university was not more than forty years old, and under favorable conditions was certain to grow in size and importance with the rapid growth of the state. He had not been in office more than a year when he presented to the regents a list of some fifteen pressing requirements of the university, including new professorships, departments, schools, buildings, and laboratories; and when he came to retire, all these demands either had been fulfilled or were in process of fulfilment. During these twenty years the students and the faculty increased four-fold; twenty new departments were added; new divisions for special scientific research were established in various parts of the state; the summer session and the extension division were expanded; and the material equipment was greatly enlarged. The course of this growth was unquestionably determined principally by President Wheeler. In carrying out his plans his methods were somewhat dictatorial. Indeed, before he accepted the position, he had stipulated with the regents that he should have the sole initiative in the appointment and removal of professors and in matters of salary. Though he held the reins of the institution tightly in his own hand, it cannot be said that he ever restricted the liberty of the faculty in teaching and research. The welfare of the students, furthermore, was always a matter of special concern to him, and he took a direct personal interest in their activities. The system of self-government which he instituted functioned under his guidance with notable success, not only as a means of maintaining public order, but as an effective educational influence. With all his obligations inside the university, Wheeler kept in close touch with the alumni and the people of the state, and the institution was made the object of many benefactions, without which its expansion could not have advanced so rapidly or so successfully. In 1909-10 Wheeler held the position of Theodore Roosevelt Professor in the University of Berlin, delivering a course of lectures which were later published under the title Unterricht und Demokratie in Amerika (1910). His residence in Germany under these favorable conditions renewed and increased his liking for the country, which had begun in his student-days many years before, and when the World War broke out, his sympathies were with the Germans. Consequently, when the United States entered the war his previous well-known friendliness to Germany subjected him to suspicion and embarrassment. It was deemed wise, therefore, in 1918, to appoint three distinguished members of the faculty, who had from the beginning been devoted supporters of the cause of the allies, to act as an unofficial advisory administrative board. To this board he resigned the active conduct of the University, and to all practical purposes it performed the functions of a regent. The existence of such a board was not only desirable on public grounds, but also served to relieve Wheeler of certain duties which, owing to a slight decline in physical vigor, he was already beginning to find unduly heavy. It remained in existence until his retirement - and indeed for six months thereafter, with fuller powers, until his successor assumed office. He retired in 1919 at the age of sixty-five, after twenty years of service, with the title "Professor of Comparative Philology and President Emeritus. " He continued to serve the university in an advisory capacity and for one or two years offered courses in general linguistics. In 1920 he went to Japan as a member of an unofficial commission which was organized and financed by William Alexander of San Francisco, with a view to encouraging friendly relations between Japan and the United States. During the last few years of his life gradually failing health forced him to withdraw from all public activity. In 1926 he went once more to Europe and the following year died in Vienna.
Achievements
He is author of Analogy in Language (1887); Introduction to the Study of the History of Language (1890); Dionysos and Immortality (1899); Organization of the Higher Education in the United States (1896), published in Munich; Life of Alexander the Great (1900); Instruction and Democracy in America (1910) (published in Strassburg, Germany). Under Wheeler the University of California underwent one of its periods of greatest growth. He also expanded the powers of the president, gaining the power to appoint all faculty. The University of California, Berkeley named Wheeler Hall in his honor. A Liberty ship was also named in his honor, the SS Benjamin Ide Wheeler.
