Background
Grier grew up in Massillon, Ohio and after playing college football at Pittsburgh joined the Air Force for a number of years.
Grier grew up in Massillon, Ohio and after playing college football at Pittsburgh joined the Air Force for a number of years.
Pittsburgh Panthers.
Particularly in the deep South, the mid-1950s was a period of strident racial segregation for sports, as well as other areas of life. At the time, Grier"s participation as a fullback and linebacker against a segregated all-white team on such a prestigious "stage" was a tremendously significant event. He retired from military service to be an administrator at a Pittsburgh community college and is still active in the Pittsburgh community.
Much controversy preceded the, where Grier"s Pitt Panthers would meet the Yellow Jackets from Georgia Technology
There was controversy over whether Grier should be allowed to play, and whether Georgia Technical would participate in the contest. Georgia Governor, Marvin Griffin, was very publicly opposed to racial integration.
A measure for the tenor of this time period is the well known case of Emmett Till being subjected to a lynching in Mississippi, which occurred the previous summer to the 1956 game. Additionally, within thirty days prior, Rosa Parks ignited the Montgomery Business Boycott, where she, in protest, refused to relinquish her seat on a Montgomery, Alabama transit business
A large contingent from the New Orleans community, as well as many related to Georgia Technical, openly fought to bar either Grier, Pitt, or the Yellow Jacket team from the game.
Students and football players from the Atlanta-based school, civil rights leaders from multiple locales, as well as a large number of the Pitt community, however, succeeded in seeing Grier take to the gridiron that January day. In anticipation of Grier"s presence against Georgia Technical, Georgia governor Marvin Griffin, in December 1955, publicly sent a telegram to his state"s Board Of Regents imploring that teams from Georgia not engage in racially integrated events which had blacks either as participants or in the stands. The margin of victory mostly resulted from a disputed first quarter pass interference penalty which was called on Grier.
Photographic evidence later strongly indicated the referee"s call was incorrect.
The irony of the bad call is that it was made by referee Rusty Coles, from the Pittsburgh area, who had no objective in making the wrong call, but simply made a mistake, which he admitted after seeing the game films. Grier"s participation in the, as well as the support he received from various communities, is seen by some experts as a milestone in American race relations.