The Arab-Israeli Wars: War and Peace in the Middle East
(Now in its third edition, this classic study has been upd...)
Now in its third edition, this classic study has been updated for the first time in more than twenty years.
Chaim Herzog, former President of Israel, was involved in every conflict involving Israel and its Arab neighbors from before the 1948 War of Independence. The Arab-Israeli Wars is Herzog’s acclaimed history of Israel’s fight since 1947 to preserve her existence against repeated attacks. Revised after his death by friend and colleague General Shomo Gazit, this new edition also covers the events of the past twenty years, including the pullout from Lebanon, both intifadas, the first Gulf War, the Oslo Process, and beyond. Riveting, informative, and comprehensive, this authoritative account tells the story of Israel’s struggle to survive but gives a clear picture of the people and politics that continue to shape the destiny of this crucial region.
(In this at times startlingly candid memoir, Chaim Herzog ...)
In this at times startlingly candid memoir, Chaim Herzog reviews an extraordinary life. Born in Belfast in 1918 to a Latvian mother and a Polish father who was chief rabbi of Ireland, Chaim Herzog moved with his family to Palestine in 1935 and at 16 joined the Haganah, the underground resistance led by David Ben-Gurion. He joined the British army as soon as Britain declared war on Hitler, and was part of the first Allied formation to cross into Germany, where he subsequently witnessed the horrors of the newly liberated Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. He fought in Israel’s war for independence, and as director of Israel’s military intelligence molded it into one of the best organizations of its kind. As President of Israel (1983-93) Herzog helped shape Israel’s response to growing unemployment and drug use, the intifada, the Gulf War and Iraqi Scud missile attacks. Sprinkled with his brutally frank assessments of Golda Meir, Shimon Peres, Moshe Dayan, Kurt Waldheim, Reagan, Arafat and others, his memoir ends on an optimistic note, envisaging a genuine Middle East peace that could facilitate joint Israel-Arab economic and technical cooperation. “Mr. Herzog appears to have done everything and been everywhere since he came of age just before the onset of World War II... a book that is a heady mix of the public and private.” — Robert Leiter, The New York Times “One of Israel’s leading soldier-statesmen-diplomats, Chaim Herzog has written a lively account of his long life in politics.” — William B. Quandt, Foreign Affairs “President Herzog is a lion statesman in a world of mice. Israel was born in war, and its political elite sometimes seems to resemble a warrior class. But there has always been a need for leadership in Israel that looks beyond the immediate issues of security and territorial advantage, of war and peace. President Herzog... has filled that need.” — The Times (London) “Herzog invites us to live his extraordinary history with him in this lucid, elegant, and immensely human memoir. A good read about pivotal periods in modern life.” — George P. Shultz “A witty and fascinating memoir by one of this century’s great Irishmen. Chaim Herzog has made historic contributions as a warrior, diplomat, and statesman. He writes with the same vitality that he brought to each of his previous careers.” — Daniel Patrick Moynihan
Chaim Herzog was an Israeli politician, general, lawyer and author, he served as the sixth President of Israel between 1983 and 1993.
Background
Chaim Herzog was born in Belfast on September 17, 1918, but immigrated to Palestine at the age of 17 when his father Rabbi Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, then chief rabbi of Ireland, was appointed in 1935 spiritual leader of the Jewish homeland. His mother - Sara (née Hillman). Herzog's maternal grandfather was the Orthodox Jewish Talmudic scholar Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman.
Education
Herzog studied at Wesley College in Dublin. He earned a degree in law at the University College of London, and then qualified as a barrister at Lincoln's Inn.
Herzog served in the Jewish paramilitary group during the 1936-1939 Arab revolt. Herzog was wounded in tank combat, and eventually directed British intelligence operations in northern Germany. Following discharge in 1945 with the rank of lieutenant colonel, he proceeded to join Haganah, the Jewish underground movement in Palestine, taking part in the fighting in the Jerusalem sector during Israel's 1948 war of independence. Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion then appointed him director of military intelligence for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) from 1948 to 1950. Herzog's next posting was military attaché in North America: first in Washington, D. C., and then in Ottawa, Canada. Returning to Israel, he was given field command in the years 1954-1959 and then completed a second stint as chief of IDF intelligence before retiring from active military service as a major general in 1962. While building up his private legal practice Herzog also concentrated on various business enterprises, serving as managing director of G. U. S. Industries in Tel-Aviv from 1962 to 1972. Once again, however, war intervened; this time the 1967 Middle East crisis. During the stressful period preceding Israel's stunning victory in the June Six Day War, Reserve General Chaim Herzog gained wide public recognition and acclaim for his insightful radio commentary on the daily geopolitical currents and later battlefield developments in and around Israel which helped to boost the nation's morale. Immediately following the conflict he briefly accepted appointment as first military governor of the administered West Bank territory. This pattern of transition from public to private life and back again repeated itself in 1973 when the sudden and traumatic Yom Kippur War launched against Israel by Syria and Egypt once more called Chaim Herzog to the role of military analyst. Once the crisis was weathered he spent the next three years writing an acclaimed book on the 1973 war, lecturing abroad, and heading his successful Tel-Aviv law firm. But then followed three challenging years in New York as head of the Israeli mission to the United Nations at a time when his country was threatened with international isolation and the increased popularity of the rival Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). Nevertheless, Herzog rose to the occasion, defending Israel with both eloquence and conviction. His finest moment came on November 10, 1975, when Ambassador Herzog, in a defiant gesture of contempt from the rostrum of the UN General Assembly, tore in two the recently-adopted resolution defining Zionism as "a form of racism", denouncing it as an infamous act against the Jewish people. Returning to Israel in 1978, Herzog combined legal practice with domestic political and party activity on behalf of the Ma'arach Labour alignment and was rewarded by a seat in the Knesset following the 1981 elections. When the presidency became vacant in March 1983, he was chosen in a Knesset secret ballot to the position, in spite of the fact that the rival Likud coalition enjoyed a majority in the house. Many observers attributed the surprise outcome to interparty political maneuvering, but others saw the explanation in Herzog's national stature and obvious qualifications. While calling for greater national unity, he also undertook the assignment of goodwill ambassador, unflinchingly objecting to unfair criticism of Israel abroad while paying state visits to the United States, the Far East, and a number of European countries. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between Israel and China on January 24, 1992, he was invited to Beijing in December, becoming the first Israeli president to visit China. President Herzog came to represent the conscience and voice of Israel both at home and within the international community. Since leaving Beit Hanassi in 1993, Herzog has been invited to sit on national and international boards of both commercial and noncommerical organizations and institutions. He took an active part in the activities of the Council for Promoting Israel-China relations after it was established in Tel Aviv in 1996.
In recent years British historians headed by Simon Sebag-Montefiore have included this speech in a book on speeches that changed the world, which includes others by Martin Luther King, Jr, Nelson Mandela, Winston Churchill and John F. Kennedy.
In the 1981 elections, Herzog entered politics for the first time, winning a seat in the Knesset as a member of the Alignment, the predecessor to the Labour Party.
On 22 March 1983, Herzog was elected by the Knesset to serve as the sixth President of Israel.
Views
Quotations:
"I do not bring forgiveness with me, nor forgetfulness. The only ones who can forgive are dead; the living have no right to forget. "
Interests
writing, broadcasting
Sport & Clubs
Sailing, golf
Connections
Herzog was the brother-in-law of Abba Eban; the men's wives were sisters. Chaim Herzog married Aura in 1947. Their marriege lasted to 1997. He had three children, including Isaac Herzog.
Herzog was awarded silver medal by Charles University in Prague.
Herzog was awarded silver medal by Charles University in Prague.
Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Honorary Fellowship
Herzog was awarded honorary fellowship by University College London.
Herzog was awarded honorary fellowship by University College London.
Honorary Doctorate
Herzog received Honorary Doctorates from Yeshiva University, Jewish Theological Seminary, Bar-Ilan University, Georgetown University, University of Liberia, Hebrew University Jerusalem, Haifa University, Technion, Weizmann Institute of Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, York University, University of Buenos Aires.
Herzog received Honorary Doctorates from Yeshiva University, Jewish Theological Seminary, Bar-Ilan University, Georgetown University, University of Liberia, Hebrew University Jerusalem, Haifa University, Technion, Weizmann Institute of Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, York University, University of Buenos Aires.