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Charles Stewart Daveis was born on May 10, 1788 in Portland, Maine, United States. Ebcnezer Davis of Haverhill, Massachusetts, United States, probably a descendant of an Amesbury family, had fought throughout the Revolutionary War and at its close settled in Portland, marrying Mehitabel, daughter of Deacon Ebenezer Griffin of Bradford, Massachusetts, United States.
Charles received his early education at the common schools in Portland.
When his father died in 1799 the family was left in straitened circumstances, but his mother, a woman of strong character, was able to send him in 1802 to Phillips Academy at Andover, and in 1803 he entered Bowdoin College, which had been founded only the previous year.
While there he read extensively and was known as “Grecian Daveis. ”
He graduated in 1807 at the head of his class, and in the same year took up the study of law with Nicholas Emory of Portland.
On his admission to the bar in 1810 Daveis commenced practise in Portland, with which city he remained associated throughout his life.
In 1821 the state legislature extended the equitable jurisdiction of the supreme court he secured a large proportion of the new Chancery business.
In 1827 the long-drawn-out dispute with Great Britain over the northeastern boundary of Maine as delimited in the Treaty of 1783 came to a head, a United States citizen being arrested on his own land within the disputed area by the New Brunswick authorities, and Daveis was retained by the governor of Maine—a personal friend of his—to proceed to Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada with instructions to demand the release of the prisoner and at the same time to procure all information possible as to the British encroachments. His mission failed, since the lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick refused to treat officially with an agent of the State of Maine, but on his return in January 1828 he presented to the Executive a long report embodying the information he had collected. Shortly afterward the controversy was submitted to the arbitration of the King of the Netherlands, and, at the request of the United States minister to The Hague, Daveis was appointed special agent of the United States government to receive the evidence and present it to the arbitrator.
He left New York, January 11, 1830, and proceeded to The Hague, where he remained for a month, after which he traveled through England and Scotland, returning to Boston, August 26, 1830. He at once resumed practise at Portland, declining a professorship at the Harvard Law School which was tendered him a short time afterward.
In 1838 he was again retained by the State of Maine in connection with the boundary question. The award under the submission to arbitration had been unsatisfactory; nothing had been done by either government to adjust the controversy; and he was sent by the governor of Maine to Washington to urge the claims of the state. For two months he was engaged at the Capital, but only partially accomplished his objects. The following year, however, he was called to Washington by the federal secretary of state for a conference on the subject.
In 1840 he was elected to the state Senate from Cumberland County, having been defeated the previous year, and as chairman of the joint special committee on the northeastern boundary prepared the able and exhaustive report of March 30, 1841, embodying the claims of Maine. In 1842 the Ashburton Treaty finally terminated the controversy to which he had practically devoted fifteen years of his life. The ability which he had displayed throughout was warmly recognized by both state and federal authorities. He retired from active practise in 1850 and died at Portland, March 29, 1865.
He frequently wrote for the current magazines on various subjects, but his only permanent contributions to literature were his extremely able reports on the boundary question.
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In politics a Whig, Daveis had no desire for public office, and was never a partisan, though in 1848 he actively supported Taylor for the presidency.
On June 1, 1815, he married Elizabeth Taylor, daughter of John Taylor Gilman, governor of New Hampshire.
