Background
Stuart was born on June 4, 1814 in Chittenango Springs, Madison County, New York, United States. He was the son of Henry Y. and Deborah Stuart.
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Stuart was born on June 4, 1814 in Chittenango Springs, Madison County, New York, United States. He was the son of Henry Y. and Deborah Stuart.
Stuart began his professional career at the age of eighteen, under Jonathan Knight on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. Between 1833 and 1840 he was engaged on various lines under construction in northern New York; in 1840 he was chief engineer of the New York & Erie, and in 1842 became chief engineer of the line between Batavia and Rochester, now part of the New York Central.
During six years' residence in Rochester he served twice as city surveyor, laying out Mount Hope Cemetery; he also located what became the Rochester and Niagara Falls branch of the New York Central, and a part of the line of the Great Western Railway of Canada, proposing to connect the two roads by a railway suspension bridge over the Niagara River two miles below the Falls.
In November 1847, however, Stuart, as director of the American and Canadian bridge companies, contracted with Ellet for the construction of such a railroad and carriage bridge over the Niagara; work was commenced in the spring of 1848, and, after Ellet's resignation, was completed by Roebling in 1855.
In 1849 Stuart was state engineer and surveyor of New York, and in October of that year entered the service of the United States government as engineer in charge of the Brooklyn dry docks, which had been under construction since 1842 under the supervision of many different distinguished engineers. This task he completed in August 1851.
Meanwhile, December 1, 1850, he had been appointed engineer-in-chief of the United States Navy, a position he held until his resignation on June 30, 1853. In this capacity he wrote the specifications for the California floating sectional dry dock, which was constructed in New York under his supervision and shipped to San Francisco early in 1852.
In the middle fifties he became interested in Iowa railroads and as president of the Iowa Land Company was concerned with the laying out of Clinton, Iowa. He was also financially interested in a railroad in Georgia, and in 1860 was consulting engineer for a projected railroad in Texas. Upon the outbreak of the Civil War, he raised a regiment of engineers which was mustered into service at Elmira, August 15, 1861, as Colonel Stuart's Independent Regiment, New York Infantry, subsequently the 50th New York Engineers. This regiment served with the Army of the Potomac in the construction of fortifications and bridges, participating in many engagements from the siege of Yorktown, April 5-May 4, 1862, to the end of the war; Stuart, however, resigned his commission in June 1863 because of impaired health, and was honorably discharged.
Among his published works, besides numerous engineer's reports, were The Naval Dry Docks of the United States (1852); The Naval and Mail Steamers of the United States (1853); and Lives and Works of Civil and Military Engineers of America (1871), a valuable source of information concerning his eminent predecessors and contemporaries.
He died at Cleveland of senile gangrene following a sprained ankle.
During the American Civil War, Charles Beebe Stuart raised the 50th New York Engineer Regiment, commanding it from 1861 to 1863. He built fortifications and bridges for the Army of the Potomac. Besides being an accomplished engineer, he was an effective writer. After the war he was Chief Engineer, who was engaged in the construction of the Conotton Valley Railway.
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Quotes from others about the person
According to New York Tribune, "Few makers of books have done so much themselves worthy of an enduring record (as Stuart); and still fewer have written a narrative, in which their own deeds figure largely, with so much modesty and good taste".
Stuart was married twice: first, at Glens Falls, New York, July 2, 1836, to Sarah Maria Breese, who died at Schenectady, September 28, 1838; and second, at Tioga Point, April 17, 1841, to Frances Maria Welles, who with two daughters and a son survived him. Two sons born of the first marriage and one born of the second died in infancy.
