Eulogy on the life and character of Zachary Taylor
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Oration, Delivered at the Request of the City Authorities of Salem, July 4, 1842 (Classic Reprint)
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Excerpt from Oration, Delivered at the Request of the City Authorities of Salem, July 4, 1842
Mr. Driver submitted the following Resolves, which n ere unanimously adopt ed, and sent up for concurrence.
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A Discourse Delivered on the Sabbath After the Decease of the Hon. Timothy Pickering
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Speech of Charles W. Upham, of Salem, in the House of Representatives of Massachusetts, on the compromises of the Constitution: : with an appendix, containing the Ordinance of 1787.
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The Charge of Ignorance and Misrepresentation Proved Against "a Lover of Cudworth and Truth" (Classic Reprint)
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Excerpt from The Charge of Ignorance and Misrepresentation Proved Against "a Lover of Cudworth and Truth"
Dr. Cudworth held that there were two distinct forms of the Platonic. Trinity, one true and genuine, the other spurious and adulterated; and that, while the lat -ter was repugnant to the scriptural doctrine of the trinity, the former agreed with it substantially.
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Lectures on Witchcraft: Comprising a History of the Delusion in Salem, in 1692
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Conclusion of the Salem Controversy (Classic Reprint)
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I do no...)
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I do not think that my statement that Mr. Norton is sustained by Tertullian, Origen, Jerome, Grotius, Lu'ther and Cal vin, has been at all shaken by Mr. Chee ver.
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Charles Wentworth Upham was an American clergyman, congressman, and historian of the Salem witchcraft delusion. Upham was a member and President of the Massachusetts State Senate and twice a member of the Massachusetts State House of Representatives.
Background
Charles Wentworth Upham was born in St. John, New Brunswick, the son of Joshua and Mary (Chandler) Upham. He was a descendant of John Upham who emigrated from England to Weymouth, Massachussets, in 1635. Joshua Upham, a native of Brookfield, Massachussets, a graduate of Harvard, and a Loyalist during the American Revolution, had served in the British army during the war, and at its close had emigrated to New Brunswick, where he held the office of judge of the supreme court until his death in 1808.
Education
Charles attended school in St. John, and at the age of twelve he was apprenticed to an apothecary. He was placed later under the tutelage of Deacon Samuel Greele, and in 1817 sent to Harvard College. Upham graduated in 1821, second in his class. He next spent three years in the Cambridge Divinity School.
Career
In 1816 Upham went to Boston to work for his cousin, Phineas Upham, a merchant. On December 8, 1824, he was ordained as associate pastor of the First Church (Unitarian) of Salem. Here he served until 1844--twelve years as the colleague of the Rev. John Prince--when, suffering from a bronchial ailment, he resigned.
In 1833-34 he engaged in an extended controversy with the Rev. George B. Cheever in the columns of the Salem Gazette on the subject of Unitarian versus Trinitarian principles. Upham's chief proposition, in the support of which he displayed a formidable knowledge of the history and literature of the Reformation, was that Ralph Cudworth, who had been quoted by Cheever in defense of the Trinitarian doctrine, was in reality a Unitarian. By 1840, in The Scripture Doctrine of Regeneration, he could rejoice in the "abandonment of Calvinism" and the "general diffusion of rational Christianity. "
Having partially recovered his health, in 1848 Upham turned to politics, aligning himself with the Whig party. In 1849-50 he was a member of the state House of Representatives and in 1850-51, of the state Senate. He warmly supported the presidential candidacy of Zachary Taylor, and at the request of the city authorities of Salem he delivered a eulogy, July 18, 1850, on the late President's life and character.
He was a delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1853, and was a member of the Thirty-third Congress (1853 - 55). An active supporter in 1856 of the newly organized Republican party, he wrote a campaign biography of John C. Fremont. He was a member of the state Senate from 1857 to 1859 and served as its presiding officer. From 1859 to 1861 he was again a member of the state House of Representatives.
Retiring from political life in 1860, Upham devoted his energies to historical research. He is remembered chiefly as the author of Salem Witchcraft (2 vols. , 1867). To furnish a background for the events of 1692, he reconstructed in admirable detail the local family history of Salem Village. His account of the witch trials is still of use to historians. A controversy arose as to the part taken by Cotton Mather in the persecution of the witches: Upham had argued that Mather fomented the delusion to increase his power in the community; William F. Poole defended Mather in the North American Review (April 1869); Upham, with characteristic love of debate, replied in a spirited brochure of ninety finely printed pages (Salem Witchcraft and Cotton Mather, 1869). Although the question was still disputed in the 1930, scholarly opinion seemed inclined to exculpate Mather (K. B. Murdock, Selections from Cotton Mather, 1926, p. xv).
It seems likely that Upham's reputation as a man will suffer as a result of his having incurred the ill will of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Because of Upham's activity in securing the removal of Hawthorne as surveyor of customs at Salem, the novelist is believed to have drawn, in the character of Judge Pyncheon, a satirical portrait of his political opponent. Pyncheon, in the words of Henry James, is "a superb, full-blown hypocrite, a large-based, full-nurtured Pharisee" (Hawthorne, 1879, p. 124). This portrait, however, contains elements of caricature, and, like many other famous satirical sketches, it is doubtless unfair to its prototype.
Upham was apparently held in high esteem by many of his contemporaries. He numbered Edward Everett among his friends, and Emerson, his classmate at Harvard, referred to his "frank and attractive" manners, and his large "repertory of men and events" (Ellis, Memoir, post, p. 12). He died in Salem.
On March 29, 1826, Upham married Ann Susan, daughter of the Rev. Abiel Holmes of Cambridge, and sister of Oliver Wendell Holmes. They had fourteen children, all but three of whom died either in infancy or in early life.