Background
Nothing is known about his background.
- Photos
- Works
- Photos
- Works
Chiang Ming
Edit ProfileEducation
The name derives from the date in December 1935 when students in Peking held large demonstrations in opposition to Japanese encroachments in Manchuria and north China (see under Li Ch’ang). In early 1936 a number of these students established the National Liberation Vanguards of China (NLVC), which came under Communist domination within a few months. A year later (February 1937), when the NLVC held its first congress, Chiang was elected one of the 39 members of the Vanguards’ Executive Committee.
Career
When the Sino-Japanese War broke out in July 1937, Chiang and other colleagues fled Peking, going first to Tientsin where a debate was held among the students on their future course of action. Subsequently, some of the stu-dents went north to engage in guerrilla warfare against the Japanese, and others went south to “arouse the masses.” Chiang, among the latter, went to Nanking together with Tuan Chiin-i, a fellow student in Peking and presently the minister of the PRC’s First Ministry of Machine Building. In Nanking, then still outside the fighting zone, Chiang and the others were apparently hampered by the Nationalists in carrying on youth and Party activities. As a consequence, he left Nanking in late 1937 and made his way to Lin-fen in southern Shansi, where both the Party’s North China Bureau and the headquarters of the NLVC had withdrawn in the face of the Japanese capture of Taiyuan, the Shansi capital 150 miles to the north. It was apparently at Lin-fen that Chiang had his first contact with ranking Party leaders, most notably Liu Shao-ch’i, Chou En-lai, and Yang Shang-k’un. For a brief period, in cooperation with the CCP, Chiang edited a small, mimeographed newspaper to carry war news and “spread the Party’s policies.”0 When Lin-fen also fell to the Japanese, the NLVC headquarters (and presumably Chiang) withdrew to Sian, capital of Shensi. Not long after, in mid-1938, Chiang was in Wuhan along with other such Party youth leaders as Li Ch’ang and Huang Hua. There, under the guidance of the Yangtze Bureau of the Party, Chiang again engaged in youth work. He remained in Wuhan until at least September 1938 (one month before the city fell to the Japanese), but by January 1939 he was working for the Party in Chungking. Although Chiang’s activities in Chungking are undocu- merited, it is probable that he came under the jurisdiction of Chou En-lai’s liaison mission to the Nationalist Government. Then, in 1941, Chiang went to Yenan, the Communist capital.
During the war years in Yenan, Chiang worked with Hu Ch’iao-mu as co-editor of Chung-kuo ch’ing-nien (China youth) magazine. He was also a delegate to the legislative body of the Shensi-Kansu-Ninghsia (Shen-Kan- Ning) Border Region Government, attending sessions of the Second Assembly in November 1941 and December 1944 as a “representative of those engaged in work for the Border Region Government.” According to one report, in September 1945, immediately after the end of the war, Chiang went to Manchuria with Sung-p’ing (a colleague in the youth work from the thirties and presently a vice-chairman of the Commission for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries). Sent by top Party leader Jen Pi-shih, Sung and Chiang’s group of youth workers consisted of over 90 persons; a year later (1946) they were instrumental in founding the Northeast Democratic Youth League, formed in accordance with a CCP Central Committee directive of September 1946 as a preparatory step for the establishment of the nationwide New Democratic Youth League (see below). By early 1949 Chiang was head of one of the departments of the Youth Work Committee.of the CCP. With the convocation in April 1949 of the first Congress of the New Democratic Youth League (NDYL), he came to prominence along with a number of colleagues from his student days in the mid- 1930’s, including Li Ch’ang, Jung Kao-t’ang, and Lu P’ing. He delivered one of the major addresses at the Congress, speaking on the League’s draft constitution, and was elected a member of the NDYL Central Committee and Standing Committee, as well as a deputy secretary. As originally organized, the NDYL had a secretary, Feng Wen-pin, and two deputy secretaries, Liao Ch’eng-chih and Chiang. Two and a half years later (November 1951), this structure was slightly altered with the formation of a Secretariat (in place of the secretary and deputy secretaries). Chiang was named at this time as one of the secretaries, still serving under Feng Wen-pin and Liao Ch’eng-chih. For a brief period after the first NDYL Congress, Chiang also headed the Central League School, the Organization Department, and the Research Office. In short, most of Chiang’s time in the early days of the PRC was devoted to the NDYL. In addition, from May 1949 to June 1953 he was also a member of the National Committee of the other important youth organization, the All-China Federation of Democratic Youth.
Membership
As a delegate of the NDYL, Chiang attended the first session of the CPPCC in September 1949, at which time the PRC central government was formed. During the CPPCC sessions he served on the ad hoc committee that drafted the public statements on the work of the CPPCC in forming the new government. He was elected to the first National Committee of the CPPCC and was elevated to its Standing Committee in February 1953. (He was not, however, re-elected to the Second National Committee, formed in December 1954.) In the new central government, Chiang was a member (October 1949-September 1954) of the Culture and Education Committee (headed by Kuo Mo-jo), one of the most important subordinate bodies of the Government Administration Council (the cabinet). In December 1949, representing the NDYL, he was appointed to the Preparatory Committee of the All-China Athletic Federation, holding this post until the Federation was permanently established in June 1952. In 1950, he was made a member of the Cinema Guidance Committee under the Ministry of Culture, and in October of that year he was named to the Standing Committee of the China Peace Committee, a post he held until a reorganization in July 1958. One year later (October 1951), he became a member of both the Executive Board and the Executive Committee of the Sino-Soviet Friendship Association, posts he held until the end of 1954.
-
Born
-
Nationality
China -
Ethnicity
-
Political Party
Chinese Communist Party
Career
-
1945
-
1953