As a child he studied at the Lyceum in Chemnitz and took his first music lessons from his uncle Johann Christian Gerstner (1675–1753). Then from 1727 till 1734 he attended the Anne School in Dresden.
He was the brother of David Augustin Fehre. In 1742 he made an unsuccessful bid for the post of organist at the Frauenkirche, Dresden. On 26 February 1754 he became a trainee organist of Saint Anne"s Church, Dresden, then organist from August 1757.
On 20 July 1760 the Saint Anne"s Church was destroyed, and for the next 9 years Fehre was organist at interim services in the Saint Bartholomew"s Church and in the electoral Malersaal on the Ostra-Allee.
On 8 October 1769 he was the organist to celebrate the inauguration of the newly built Saint Anne"s Church. He died, aged 54, in Dresden.