Education
From 1843 he studied theology and philology at the University of Leipzig, where he attended lectures by Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer on Arabic, Persian and Turkish philology.
Librarian Orientalist university professor
From 1843 he studied theology and philology at the University of Leipzig, where he attended lectures by Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer on Arabic, Persian and Turkish philology.
In 1846 he continued his education at the University of Tübingen as a student of Heinrich Ewald. Later on, he embarked on study trips to Gotha, Paris and Saint St. Petersburg. He became secretary of the Royal Library in Dresden in 1852 and in 1861 went to the University of Leipzig as a librarian and an associate professor of Oriental languages.
In 1874 he became sole head librarian and a full professor
In 1876/1877 he was appointed dean to the Faculty of Philosophy at the university.
Russian Academy of Sciences.