1904-1914 member, Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks). 1914-1918 Menshevik-Defensist. 1919-1920 head, Polit Department, 9th Army and member, Revol Military Council, 15th Army and 2nd Cavalry Army.
1919 deleg at 8th All-Russian Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Conference. 1921-1929 worked for People's Commissariat of Means of Communication, first in Azer, then in Moscow. Arrested by State Security organs.
Religion in its origin doesn't give equal treatment to women and thus offends basic human rights.
All policy decisions should be made in the light of the continued, permanent development of the theory of Marxism–Leninism.
Communist Party member from 1918.