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Reattribution of Certain Tetradrachms of Alexander the Great
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As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
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This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
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This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.
As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
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This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.
As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Edward Theodore Newell was an American numismatist. He was considered to be the world's leading expert on the coinage of Alexander the Great and his successors.
Background
Edward Theodore Newell was born on January 15, 1886 in Kenosha, Wisconsin, United States. He was one of two children and the only son of Frederick Seth Newell and Frances Cecelia (Bain) Newell. His father, an executive of the Bain Wagon Company of Kenosha, was of English descent and had moved to Wisconsin from New Haven, Connecticut; his mother had come to Kenosha from New York. The family was well-to-do.
Education
Newell was prepared for college at the Harvard School in Chicago and by a private tutor. He received the Bachelor's degree from Yale in 1907, spent the following year traveling in Europe and Egypt, and then returned to the Yale graduate school to improve his knowledge of languages, receiving the Master of Arts degree in 1909.
Career
Newell had developed a serious interest in coins, particularly those of ancient Greece, and had joined the American Numismatic Society. He had the enthusiasm, the taste, and the financial means to acquire coins as objets d'art, and his wife encouraged and assisted the growth of his collection. His regard for her role is indicated by the provision in his will which allowed her to choose a thousand items for herself, the remainder going to the Numismatic Society. Her selections made a breathtaking exhibition when after her death in 1967 they also came to the Society. The whole body is too large ever to be displayed at one time, containing some 60, 000 Greek, 23, 000 Roman, and 2, 000 Byzantine pieces. Although by the standards of American collectors the wealth expended had not been vast, Newell had been persistent, expert, and single-minded in assembling his treasure.
Newell never lost his skill in selecting choice specimens of Greek art, but he was primarily a scholar and gave his chief attention to the study of coins as historical documents.
His first major work, "Reattribution of Certain Tetradrachms of Alexander the Great, " published in the American Journal of Numismatics, April 1911, was an approach to a difficult problem of great importance: the proper assignment of the coins of Alexander to their respective mints and dates of issue. There had been no general treatment of the Alexander coinage since Ludvig Müller's Numismatique d'Alexandre le Grand, published in Copenhagen in 1855, and that work, although of considerable value, was largely based on the false assumption that subsidiary symbols were signs of different mints. Working with the contents of a hoard of some 10, 000 large silver pieces (tetradrachms) found in Egypt in 1905, Newell was able to prove by the use of identical dies on different issues that the symbols were in fact the marks of moneyers and not of mints. This finding greatly diminished the number of places of issue and laid the foundation for a scientific treatment of all the currency of Alexander and his successors, who had continued to use Alexander's types. Newell discussed the question in a series of important books: The Coinages of Demetrius Poliorcetes (1927), The Coinage of the Eastern Seleucid Mints (1938), The Coinage of the Western Seleucid Mints (1941), and an unfinished work on Lysimachus. His other publications include more than fifty titles. Newell was an authority also on Islamic and Indian coinages, collected Greek and Roman glass, and acquired more than 1, 500 Babylonian and Assyrian cuneiform tablets, which he presented to Yale in 1938. His knowledge of numismatics was profound, and he eagerly shared it with others, giving particular encouragement to beginners.
During World War I, Newell worked with the military intelligence department of the army in Washington, D. C. He was a trustee of the American Schools of Oriental Research (1922 - 41) and a member of many learned societies in the United States and in Europe.
He died of a heart attack in New York City at the age of fifty-five and was buried in the Cold Spring Memorial Cemetery.
Achievements
As president of the American Numismatic Society, Newell was largely influential in transforming it from a collectors' club to a scholarly body whose accomplishments ranked with those of its European counterparts.
In 1918 Newell was awarded the Archer M. Huntington Medal; he also received the medals of the Société Royale de Numismatique de Belgique (1922) and the Royal Numismatic Society (1925), the Prix Allier d'Hauteroche (1929) of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, and the medal of the Société Française de Numismatique et d'Archéologie (1936).
In his honor the Edward T. Newell Memorial Award was established in 1952, to be given annually to a member of the American Numismatic Association for contributions to Greek and Roman numismatics.