Ekaterina Kalinina

1882 (age 78)

Although she was the spouse of the Soviet head of state from 1922 to 1946, she was in a labor camp from 1938 to 1946. She was an active revolutionary and worked at a textile factory in Estonia. In 1905 she met Mikhail Kalinin in Saint St. Petersburg where she fled due to her revolutionary activities. There Kalinin was working as a lathe operator. Then they settled in Saint St. Petersburg. According to another report the Kalinin family had three children. She along with the children accompanied Kalinin in his exile to Siberia in 1916. Following the revolution they moved to Moscow. Initially the Kalinins lived in a Kremlin apartment which they shared with the Trotskys. They adopted two children and Ekaterina served as the deputy director of a weaving mill in the aftermath of the revolution. In 1924, she left Moscow and her family for the Caucasus to be involved in a literacy campaign in the region, but returned to Moscow in the same year. She became the manager of a big state grain farm in a remote district near Novosibirsk, Siberia, in the early 1930s. She and her friends criticized Stalin"s policies, and informers and operative officers transmitted this information to Stalin. Thus, on 25 October 1938 Ekaterina was arrested on charges of being a "Trotskyist". Her release occurred shortly before Kalinin"s death. However, she was sent into internal exile shortly after her husband"s death. Her official rehabilitation took eight more years, and she finally received a document stating that "there was no evidence against her anti-Soviet activities." Ekaterina died in 1960.

Ekaterina Kalinina

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head manager politician

Background

Ekaterina was born into a large Estonian peasant family in 1882.

Career

Although she was the spouse of the Soviet head of state from 1922 to 1946, she was in a labor camp from 1938 to 1946. She was an active revolutionary and worked at a textile factory in Estonia. In 1905 she met Mikhail Kalinin in Saint St. Petersburg where she fled due to her revolutionary activities.

There Kalinin was working as a lathe operator.

Then they settled in Saint St. Petersburg. According to another report the Kalinin family had three children.

She along with the children accompanied Kalinin in his exile to Siberia in 1916. Following the revolution they moved to Moscow.

Initially the Kalinins lived in a Kremlin apartment which they shared with the Trotskys.

They adopted two children and Ekaterina served as the deputy director of a weaving mill in the aftermath of the revolution. In 1924, she left Moscow and her family for the Caucasus to be involved in a literacy campaign in the region, but returned to Moscow in the same year. She became the manager of a big state grain farm in a remote district near Novosibirsk, Siberia, in the early 1930s.

She and her friends criticized Stalin"s policies, and informers and operative officers transmitted this information to Stalin.

Thus, on 25 October 1938 Ekaterina was arrested on charges of being a "Trotskyist". Her release occurred shortly before Kalinin"s death.

However, she was sent into internal exile shortly after her husband"s death. Her official rehabilitation took eight more years, and she finally received a document stating that "there was no evidence against her anti-Soviet activities." Ekaterina died in 1960.

Membership

Before the Revolution Kalinina worked in a bottle factory and was a member of the Bolshevik Party. Then she served as a member of the Supreme Court until 1938.

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Ekaterina Kalinina

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