Background
Emmanuel Crétet was born in the village of Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin, Savoie, on 10 February 1747, the youngest of six children of a timber merchant.
politician member of parliament in France
Emmanuel Crétet was born in the village of Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin, Savoie, on 10 February 1747, the youngest of six children of a timber merchant.
He was the first governor of the Banque de France. He made seven voyages to the West Indies, on some of which he commanded the ship. He spent time in England, where he acquired liberal views.
He then settled in Paris in the trading house of an uncle.
He inherited his uncle"s business. Shortly before the French Revolution (1789–1799) he had become Director of a fire insurance company.
Crétet disapproved of the excesses of the Terror. He moved to Dijon, where he became a trader.
He purchased some of the national assets that were sold by the revolutionary government.
On 4 May 1791 he bought the chartreuse of Champmol in the department of Côte-d"Or, founded in 1384 and burial place of the Valois Dukes of Burgundy. He destroyed the church of the former monastery and most of the buildings, apart from those he kept for his own use or to decorate the garden. The next year the tombs and coffins of the dukes were transported to Saint-Bénigne.
The altar and some woodwork from the church was also reassembled.
Crétet entered politics in 1795. He was elected to represent Côte-d"Or in the Council of Ancients, the Upper House of the French Directory, taking his seat at the start of Brumaire, year IV. There he began a political career dedicated to economic and financial administration.
Crétet supported the coup-d"état of 18 Brumaire (9 November 1799) in which Napoleon came to power as First Consul. On 4 Nivôse year VIII he was appointed both to the Senate and to the Council of State.
He was named Councilor of State in charge of bridges and roads.
He undertook various canal projects, of which the Saint-Quentin canal was the first. On 11 Thermidor Year X Crétet issued a report on a central bank for France. He said it must be independent of the government, free in the way it used its capital and cartulary-register
If the government interfered, the bank would never establish cr and would be bound to fail.
On 9 August 1807 he left the bank to become Minister of the Interior. He spent lavishly on monuments, and encouraged commerce, manufacturing, learning and the arts
He had the Stock Exchange built in Paris and the Granary, which was burned by the Paris Commune in 1871. Napoleon made him Comte de Champmol on 26 April 1808.
Crétet resigned due to sickness on 1 October 1809 and was replaced by Joseph Fouché.
Crétet died on 28 November 1809, aged 62. The emperor decreed that he should be given great honors at his funeral. He was buried in the Panthéon, Paris.
Council of Five Hundred]
Crétet was a member of committees charged with drawing up the statutes of the central bank, and was appointed first governor of the Banque de France by imperial decree on 25 April 1806.
He was willing to support new construction techniques, such as iron bridges in Paris.