(This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curat...)
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(The Tariff Policy of England and of the United States Con...)
The Tariff Policy of England and of the United States Contrasted Microform by Erastus Brigham Bigelow. This book is a reproduction of the original book published in 1877 and may have some imperfections such as marks or hand-written notes.
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(Excerpt from The Provision and Grain-Growing Interests, a...)
Excerpt from The Provision and Grain-Growing Interests, as Affected by the Repeal of the British Corn Laws, and the American System of Protection Ing those twelve years more than twenty-seven per cent, our exports of provisions to Great Britain, during the same period, increased less than eighteen per cent; proving. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Erastus Bigelow was born on April 2, 1814, in the town of West Boylston, Massachussets, United States, the second son of Ephraim and Polly (Brigham) Bigelow. His father had a small farm and also plied the trades of wheelwright and chairmaker, but the family resources were scanty.
During his early years Erastus gave constant proofs of his ardent longing for an education. At the age of eight he had mastered the early stages of arithmetic without the aid of his teacher, who stoutly maintained that he was still too young; he passed a winter at Leicester Academy in preparation for the study of medicine; he had visions of entering Harvard.
Between the ages of ten and twenty Erastus found many different kinds of employment. He worked on a neighboring farm; he played the violin in the orchestra of the Lancaster Orthodox Church, and also at country dances; he was a clerk in S. F. Morse's retail dry-goods store in Boston; he taught penmanship at Newark, and wrote a small pamphlet of twenty-five pages called The Self-Taught Stenographer (1832); having sold copies to the value of $75 in Boston within ten days, he had a larger edition printed and attempted to distribute it throughout New England and the Middle States, but emerged from this venture $400 in debt and with a large portion of the edition still unsold.
Bigelow’s ambitions for a literary or professional life were never to be realized; before he had reached his twenty-fifth year it had become evident that he was destined to be an inventor. His first considerable invention came in 1837, in the shape of a power loom for the production of coach lace; this machine contained most of the essential features subsequently developed in the more permanently important carpet looms which were to follow. Its immediate success brought him promptly to the fore. A company was formed for the building and operating of the new looms, and was incorporated by act of the legislature on March 8, 1838; it was named by the inventor "The Clinton Company, " apparently because of his fondness for the Clinton House in New York, at which he was in the habit of staying; and "Factory Village" near Lancaster, the home of the new plant, soon came to be called "Clintonville, " and finally "Clinton. "
During the next twenty years the number and importance of Bigelow's mechanical discoveries multiplied apace. The importance of his inventions was widely recognized before the middle of the nineteenth century, not only in the United States but also in Europe, which he visited frequently, beginning in the year 1841; six large volumes of his English patents between 1837 and 1868 are preserved with the original drawings in the Massachusetts Historical Society.
Bigelow's reputation does not rest solely on his mechanical inventions; he also deserves an honorable place on the roll of American economists. In The Tariff Question Considered in Regard to the Policy of England and the Interests of the United States, a large quarto volume with careful statistical tables, which was published in 1862, and in the smaller monograph, The Tariff Policy of England and the United States Contrasted (1877), he maintained "that there is no ultimate principle of universal application involved either in free trade or protection; they are questions of policy"; and gave reasons why it would be unsafe at that time for the United States to abandon its import duties.
In his later years Bigelow was much interested in the progress of scientific education, and was a leading member of a committee of twenty-one, appointed January 11, 1861, to carry into effect proposals which led to the foundation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Erastus Bigelow is chiefly remembered as the inventor of power looms for the production of Brussels, Wilton, tapestry, and velvet carpetings, and was justly described as the originator of every fundamental device of a distinctive character which appeared in these machines; but he also greatly improved the methods of manufacturing ingrain carpets, and invented looms for the making of counterpanes and ginghams, silk brocatel, pile fabrics, and wire cloth. Many of the plants for the production of these articles were set up at Lowell, and a few at Humphreysville near Derby, Connecticut, but Clinton was the principal center of his various inventions.
(Excerpt from The Provision and Grain-Growing Interests, a...)
(The Tariff Policy of England and of the United States Con...)
(This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curat...)
In 1860 Bigelow was nominated as candidate for Congress by the Democrats of the Fourth Massachusetts (Suffolk) district, but was defeated, after a close contest.
Erastus Bigelow a member of the Boston Historical Society.
Bigelow was of medium stature, with a tendency to stoop in later years; his complexion fair, his eyes gray, with massive overhanging brows, his forehead broad and high. His chief mental trait was an intense power of concentration. It is a curious fact that he was almost totally unable to make anything with his own hands, and had the greatest difficulty in drawing even the simplest sketches of the different parts of his machines; he was consequently always obliged to employ a draftsman in preparing the plans of his inventions. His character was marked by uprightness, conservatism, generosity, and kindliness; he was a most genial host, "and never seemed so happy as when he had guests at his table, " both at his countryestate in the White Mountains, and in his house in Boston.
Bigelow was twice married, first, to Susan W. King, who died in 1841, and second, to Eliza Frances Means.
