Background
Félix Gouin was born on October 4, 1884 in Peypin, Bouches-du-Rhône, into the family of school teachers.
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Félix Gouin was born on October 4, 1884 in Peypin, Bouches-du-Rhône, into the family of school teachers.
Gouin was educated at the Lycee of Marseille, and then he studied law in Aix-en-Provence.
After graduation Felix was admitted to the bar in 1907. During the following 17 years he practiced law, held several minor political offices, and in World War I served in the French army.
In 1924 Gouin was elected as a Socialist from Aix to the Chamber of Deputies, where he served until 1941.
After the fall of France in World War II he opposed the Vichy government, defended Leon Blum in the Riom trials of 1941, and organized resistance groups.
In 1942 he fled France to join General Charles de Gaulle's movement in London. He was head of the French parliamentary group there during 1942-1943 and of the Provisional Consultative Assembly first in Algiers from November 1943 to November 1944, and then in Paris from November 1944 to 1946.
After General de Gaulle's resignation as provisional president of France because of his conflict with the Communist members of the Constituent Assembly, Gouin became the compromise candidate of the Leftists and the MRP (Catholic party). Elected president by a large majority, Gouin served from January to June 1946, when he resigned as a constitutional step toward the establishment of the Fourth Republic. In the interim government he was elected vice-premier.
In November 1946 the city Aix elected him as a deputy to the new National Assembly for a five-year term; and on January 2, 1947, Gouin was made minister of state in a five-party coalition government formed by Paul Ramadier. He left the cabinet in the following November, but he remained in the National Assembly, to which he was reelected several times. He was a member of the French delegation to the eleventh session of the UN General Assembly in 1956 and also served as mayor of Istres (Bouches-du-Rhône)(Bouches-du-Rhone) from 1956 to 1958, when he retired from public life.
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