Background
Ferdinand Jacob Lindheimer was born on May 21, 1801 in Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany. He was the son of a well-to-do merchant of Frankfurt, Johan H. Lindheimer.
(Aufsätze und Abhandlungen von Ferdinand Lindheimer in Tex...)
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Ferdinand Jacob Lindheimer was born on May 21, 1801 in Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany. He was the son of a well-to-do merchant of Frankfurt, Johan H. Lindheimer.
Lindheimer attended the universities of Wiesbaden and Bonn, but left the latter without a degree in 1827.
Lindheimer taught in Georg Bunsen's Erziehungsanstalt in Frankfurt until the institute was closed by the government in the spring of 1834, because of revolutionary activities. He then accompanied Bunsen and another colleague to America and lived for a few months in the famous German "Latin-farmer" community at Belleville, St. Clair County, Illinois. In the fall of 1834, with five companions, he went to Mexico by way of New Orleans, but after a sojourn of sixteen months he returned to New Orleans to enlist in the ranks of the Texans in their war for independence.
After the war he tried farming near Houston, but he was unsuccessful. Then, encouraged by his old university friend and fellow-student, George Engelmann, he undertook the systematic collection of botanical specimens in Texas and he succeeded in interesting Asa Gray of Harvard College in this work. His collection was described in the work entitled "Plantæ Lindheimerianæ, " published in Volumes V (October 1845) and VI (no. 1, 1850) of the Boston Journal of Natural History.
In 1847 he took part in the "Darmstädter Kolonie, " or the "Communistic colony of Bettina, " occupying a tract of land between the Llano and the San Saba rivers. The colony lasted but little more than six months. In 1852 he became editor of the Neu Braunfelser Zeitung, which he conducted for eighteen years. The paper was nominally Democratic, but independent. He published in it and in the Neu Yorker Staats-Zeitung valuable political, scientific, philosophical, and historical essays. An appreciative former student, Gustav Passavant, collected and published a number of these in 1879, at Frankfurt, under the title, Aufsätze und Abhandlungen von Ferdinand Lindheimer in Texas. Lindheimer also conducted a free private school and served as superintendent of public instruction in the county and as justice of the peace. He died in New Braunfels, Comal County, Texas.
(Aufsätze und Abhandlungen von Ferdinand Lindheimer in Tex...)
During the fifties Lindheimer opposed the German agitation for abolition and himself supported the Southern cause during the Civil War.
Lindheimer was a man of unusual will, determination, and devotion to science. Completely fearless, he spent months at a time in the wilderness, without seeing a white man. The Indians came to look upon him with a deep reverence as a great medicine man. He was described as quiet and deliberate, and temperate in his habits. He was a freethinker in his opinions, but he never antagonized religious institutions and he valued nothing more than freedom and independence.
In 1846, at San Antonio, Lindheimer married Eleonore Reinarz, the daughter of a recently arrived immigrant from Aachen. She was of great assistance to him in the preparation of his specimens.