Background
He was born in 1951 in the province of Kirkuk in Iraq.
He was born in 1951 in the province of Kirkuk in Iraq.
In the early 1970s he studied in the Kurdish department of the Baghdad University. In 1981, after studying for one year at the University of Stockholm, he went to Uppsala University where he studied Iranian languages.
He is one of the founders of modern Kurdish poetry in the post-Goran period. He began publishing poetry in 1968. He joined the Kurdish national movement under the leadership of Mustafa Barzany in 1974 and went to Syria in 1975.
He lived in Germany from Autumn 1977 to Summer 1978.
Finally he settled in Sweden in the same year. He is now teaching in the same university.
He published a Swedish-Kurdish Journal between 1985 and 1989 called Svensk-Kurdisk Journal. Moreover he published a literary Kurdish magazine, Mamosta-y Kurd (31 issues) between 1985 and 1996.
Many of his poems have been translated into Persian, Arabic, Norwegian, Swedish, English, French, Italian, Icelandic and Danish.
In 1992, he published Kurdish nationalism in Mam and Zin of Ahmad Khani, a literary history that was translated into Swedish, Turkish and Arabic.
