Background
Franciscus Gratianus was born about the end of the 11th century at Chiusi in Tuscany or, according to another account, at Carraria near Orvieto.
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Franciscus Gratianus
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In early life he appears to have been received into the Camaldulian monastery of Classe near Ravenna, whence he afterwards removed to that of San Felice in Bologna, where he spent many years in the preparation of the Concordia. He possessed the orator's incomparable gift of conveying his own enthusiasm to his audience and convincing them of the loftiness of his aims. precise date of this work cannot be ascertained, but it contains references to the decisions of the Lateran council of 1139, and there is fair authority for believing that it was completed while Pope Alexander III was still simply professor of theology at Bologna. The labours of Gratian are said to have been rewarded with the bishopric of Chiusi, but if so he appears never to have been consecrated; at least his name is not in any authentic list of those who have occupied that see.
