Background
Frederic Joliot-Curie was born on March 19, 1900 in Paris, France. Son of Henri and Emilie (Roederer) Joliot.
1915
Marie Curie, pictured with her daughter Irene.
1932
Paris. France
Radium Institute, Joliot Curie And Her Wife Irene Curie In Their Lab.
1932
Paris, France
Radium Institute, Joliot Curie And Her Wife Irene Curie In Their Lab.
1932
Paris, France
Radium Institute, Joliot Curie And Her Wife Irene Curie In Their Lab.
1934
Frederic Joliot-Curie, French physician, studying the deviation of electrons by a magnetic field, in an underground hall of Radium Institute.
1935
Paris, France
The physicist Irene Curie and her husband Frédéric Joliot Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
1935
Stockholm, Sweden
Four laureates with, from left to right, Mr. Chadwick (Physics), Mrs. and Mr. Joliot-Curie (Chemistry) and Professor Spemann (Medicine).
1936
Irene Joliot-Curie, daughter of Marie and Pierre Curie and a nuclear physicist stands in the laboratory with her husband, Jean Frederic Joliot-Curie, also a scientist.
1940
The Joliot-Curies
1940
French physicist Frederic Joliot-Curie with his wife, French chemist Irene Joliot-Curie.
1948
Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie with Qian Sanqiang.
1948
Professor Francis Perrin, Raoul Dautry, General Administrator Of The Commissariat a L'energie Atomique (French Atomic Energy Commission), Frederic And Irene Joliot Curie, Kowarski And David Goldsmith Presenting To The Press The Reactor Zoe At The Fort De Chatillon.
1948
From left to right, M. M. Surdin (in front), head of France's board of electricity, Raoul Dautry, High Commissioner of French Atomic Energy Commission, physicist Francis Perrin and Frederic Joliot-Curie in the control room.
1948
Paris, France
French physicist Frederic Joliot-Curie (1900 - 1958, left) shows the first French atomic reactor, the Zoe reactor, or EL-1, to members of the press at the at the Fort de Chatillon, near Paris, 22nd December 1948. Joliot-Curie oversaw construction of the reactor.
1949
Paris, France
French physicist and Nobel Prize in Chemistry Frédéric Joliot-Curie delivers a speech applauded at the opening of the World Congress for Peace at Salle Pleyel.
1950
Rome, Italy
Nobel physicist and chemist Frédéric Joliot-Curie attends an international conference on peace.
1951
Paris, France
Frederic Joliot-Curie, a French physicist and Nobel laureate, gives an inaugural speech at the Winter Velodrome at a conference of the National Council for Peaceful Disarmament Movement.
1954
Paris, France
The two French physicists Irene and her husband Frédéric Joliot-Curie attend a conference in the Sorbonne on the twentieth anniversary of the discovery of artificial radioactivity.
1956
Paris, France
The head of the Cabinet of the Presidency of the Republic Henri Friol shakes hands with Eve Curie and Frédéric Joliot-Curie, sister and husband of the physicist Irene Joliot-Curie, at the funeral of the latter in the courtyard of the Sorbonne.
1963
Moscow, Russian Federation
A tribute is celebrated to the French physicist Frédéric Joliot-Curie for the anniversary of his death.
Jean Frédéric Joliot
10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
Stamp Issued by Romania commemorating Frédéric Joliot-Curie.
Frederic Joliot-Curie
Frederic Joliot-Curie
Frederick Joliot and his wife, Irene Curie, Physicists, who shared the Nobel Prize in 1935.
Paris, France
Frederick Joliot and his wife, Irene Curie, Physicists, who shared the Nobel Prize in 1935.
Frederick Joliot and his wife, Irene Curie, Physicists, who shared the Nobel Prize in 1935.
Paris, France
Atomic scientist Frederic Joliat-Curie speaking at the communist-inspired Paris Peace Congress.
Paris, France
Atomic scientist Frederic Joliat-Curie speaking at the communist-inspired Paris Peace Congress.
Vienna, Budapest
Professor Frederick Joliot-Curie (CR) addressing the Vienna Communist Peace Conference.
Frederick Joliot-Curie
Frederic Joliot, French physicist.
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Frederic Joliot-Curie was born on March 19, 1900 in Paris, France. Son of Henri and Emilie (Roederer) Joliot.
He was a graduate of the École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris. In 1925 he became an assistant to Marie Curie, at the Radium Institute. He fell in love with her daughter Irène Curie, and soon after their marriage in 1926 they both changed their surnames to Joliot-Curie. At the insistence of Marie, Joliot-Curie obtained a second baccalauréat, a bachelor's degree, and a doctorate in science, doing his thesis on the electrochemistry of radio-elements.
In 1925 he became, at the Radium Institute, assistant to Marie Curie, whose daughter Iréne he married in 1926. He obtained his Doctor of Science degree in 1930, having prepared a thesis on the electrochemistry of radio-elements, and became lecturer in the Paris Faculty of Science in 1935. At this time he carried out considerable research on the structure of the atom, generally in collaboration with his wife, Iréne Joliot-Curie. In particular they worked on the projection of nuclei, which was an essential step in the discovery of the neutron (Chadwick, 1932) and the positron (Anderson, 1932). However, their greatest discovery was artificial radioactivity (1934). By bombardment of boron, aluminium, and magnesium with alpha particles, they produced the isotope 13 of nitrogen, the isotope 30 of phosphorus and, simultaneously, the isotopes 27 of silicon and 28 of aluminium. These elements, not found naturally, decompose spontaneously, with a more or less long period, by emission of positive or negative electrons. It was for this very important discovery that these two physicists received in 1935 the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. During this time F. Joliot, who had always taken an interest in social questions, joined the Socialist Party, the S.F.I.O. (1934), then the League for the Rights of Man (1936)
In 1937 he was nominated Professor at the Collège de France. He left the Radium Institute and had built for his new laboratory of nuclear chemistry the first cyclotron in Western Europe. After the discovery of the fission of the uranium nucleus, he produced a physical roof of the phenomenon; then with Hans Halban and Lev Kowarski, joined by Francis Perrin, he worked on chain reactions and the requirements for the successful construction of an atomic pile using uranium and heavy water; five patents were taken out in 1939 and 1940. On the advance of the German forces (1940), F. Joliot managed to get the documents and materials relating to this work transported to England. During the French occupation he took an active part in the Resistance; he was President of the National Front and formed the French Communist Party. After having been Director of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (1945), he became the first High Commissioner for Atomic Energy (1946); he directed the construction of the first French atomic pile (1948). He was relieved of his duties in 1950 for political reasons. While still retaining the control of his laboratories, F. Joliot-Curie took a considerable part in politics and was elected President of the World Peace Council. On the death of Irene Joliot-Curie, in 1956, he became, while still retaining his professorship at the Collège de France, holder of the Chair of Nuclear Physics which she had held at the Sorbonne.
Joliot devoted the last two years of his life to the inauguration and development of a large centre for nuclear physics at Orsay. He died in Paris in 1958.
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F. Joliot was a member of the French Academy of Sciences and of the Academy of Medicine. He was also a member of numerous foreign scientific academies and societies, and holder of an honorary doctor's degree of several universities. He was a Commander of the Legion of Honour. His recreations show him as a man of wide attainments, among which piano playing, landscape painting and reading (particularly Kipling), were predominant.
Jean Frederic and Irene Joliot-Curie had one daughter, Helene, and one son, Pierre.