Background
Frederic Cope Whitehouse was born on November 9, 1842 in Rochester, N. Y. , the son of the Rev. Henry John Whitehouse and his wife, Evelina Harriet Bruen. His grandfather was James Whitehouse, who came to New York City from England in 1801.
Education
During his preparation for college he lived for several years in the family of Dr. Henry Drisler, professor of Latin in Columbia College, New York City. In 1861, at the age of eighteen, he was graduated with high honors from Columbia and in 1864 he received the M. A. degree. In 1865 he was graduated from the General Theological Seminary in New York, but he was never ordained as a minister. After this he studied in France, Germany, and Italy.
Career
He returned to the United States to be admitted to the bar in New York in 1871. For a great part of his life he lived in Europe, and in 1879 he made his first visit to Egypt, a country which became the scene of his chief interest and activity. His first activities in Egypt concerned the verification of ancient descriptions of the famous "Lake Moeris, " described by Herodotus in Book II of his History. He made extensive studies of the whole subject, for which his wide reading of ancient and modern authors and a considerable training in science had prepared him, and personally explored this almost forgotten desert region. As a result, in his book, Lake Moeris: Justification of Herodotus (1885), he showed Herodotus' account to be in the main not only credible but accurate. The most important fact was the existence of a great valley, the Wadi Raiyan, the floor of which is so far below the level of the Mediterranean that it might well have been used as reservoir, connected with the Nile by a canal represented by the still existing Bahr Yusuf. This theory is now generally regarded as proved. Whitehouse followed up this discovery (1882) with the bold plan of utilizing the Raiyan Valley for the construction of a reservoir to form an important part of an ambitious project for the better irrigation of Lower Egypt by impounding for later use the surplus of the annual Nile flood. For many years he devoted himself with characteristic energy to the promotion of this plan, producing a steady stream of articles and lectures in support of it. It was received with some favor in official circles in Egypt, and two Turkish orders, the Medjidie and the Osmanie, were conferred upon him in recognition of his labors for the welfare of Egypt. But the plan also met with much opposition on political as well as on economic grounds; and doubtless Whitehouse's unsparing and at times vituperative criticism of the objectors did much to prevent its adoption. The discussion went on for many years, but practically nothing was accomplished by it. The noted engineer Sir William Willcocks, who had been the object of some of Whitehouse's severest criticism, in his Egyptian Irrigation (1889) spoke, nevertheless, very favorably of the Moeris-plan, and still more so in The Assuan Reservoir and Lake Moeris (1904). In this he was joined by Sir Colin Scott-Moncrieff and Colonel Ross. In 1891 Whitehouse published in England an elaborate Memorandum on The Raiyan Project and the Action of Her Majesty's Government, in which he set forth with great bitterness his side of the question. In connection with this project Whitehouse claimed that a large tract of land in the desert had been promised him by the khedive as a reward for his efforts. This claim he sought to have pressed by the United States diplomatic and consular representatives in Egypt. But he was unsuccessful in this also. The last years of his life were spent chiefly at Newport, R. I. ; but he died at the Brevoort House, New York City, after a long illness.
Personality
Whitehouse was in every way a striking and vivid personality, of fine appearance, with distinctly "the grand manner"; he was an excellent linguist, with a remarkable flow of language, and a well-founded reputation for loquacity. His intense conviction of his own rightness and his vigorous denunciation of his opponents not unnaturally led to the belief that he was an unpractical visionary. Nevertheless, he had a sense of humor that sometimes produced a most unexpected effect when he chose to exercise it.