Contributions To The Natural History Of The Cetaceans: A Review Of The Family Delphinidae...
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Contributions To The Natural History Of The Cetaceans: A Review Of The Family Delphinidae; Issue 36 Of Bulletin (United States National Museum); United States National Museum; Volume 681 Of Publication (Smithsonian Institution)
Frederick William True
Govt. print. off., 1889
Dolphins
Observations On Living White Whales, Delphinapterusleucas: With A Note On The Dentition Of Delphinapterus And Stenodelphis (1909)
(This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of th...)
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The Whalebone Whales of the Western North Atlantic: Compared With Those Occurring in European Waters With Some Observations on the Species of the North Pacific (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from The Whalebone Whales of the Western North At...)
Excerpt from The Whalebone Whales of the Western North Atlantic: Compared With Those Occurring in European Waters With Some Observations on the Species of the North Pacific
Chapter II. A Chronological Account of Important Contributions to the Natural History of North American Whalebone Whales.
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He was born on July 8, 1858 in Middletown, Connecticut.
He was a son of the Rev. Charles Kittredge and Elizabeth Bassett (Hyde) True, and a descendant of Henry Trew of England who settled at Salem, Massachussets, about 1636.
His brother Alfred Charles True was a noted agricultural educationist.
Education
True was profound as a student. He received his collegiate education at the University of the City of New York, where he was graduated with the degree of bachelor of science in 1878.
Career
In November of 1878 he entered the service of the federal government as a clerk with the fish commission and in 1879 was expert special agent in the fisheries branch of the Tenth Census. In 1880 he was custodian of the exhibits of the United States fish commission at the Berlin Fisheries Exhibition.
In July of the following year he went to the Smithsonian Institution as a clerk in the National Museum. His service under the Smithsonian continued with steady advancement until his death and covered difficult scientific and administrative labors. From 1881 to 1883 he was librarian for the National Museum, serving also for the first two years as acting curator of the division of mammals. In 1883 he became curator and retained direct supervision of the division until 1909. In the early eighties he was designated curator-in-charge and had administrative supervision of the entire museum at such times as the assistant secretary was absent; this designation was changed in 1894 to executive curator, which title carried with it additional duties.
When the National Museum was reorganized in 1897 True was made head curator of the department of biology, with direction of all of the biological work of the organization, a position in which his duties were largely administrative. During the absence of Samuel P. Langley that year, True served for a period as acting secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, and until 1901 he bore the major burden of administration in the National Museum. On June 1, 1911, he became assistant secretary of the Smithsonian in charge of the library and of the international exchange service, a position that he occupied until his death. In the exposition work that was an important feature of the activities of the Institution during this period True had a prominent part. He directed the preparation of exhibitions shown at Nashville, Tenn. , in 1897; at Omaha, Nebr. , in 1898; at Buffalo, N. Y. , in 1901; at Charleston, S. C. , in 1902; at St. Louis, Mo. , in 1904; and at Portland, Ore. , in 1905. He was, also, an official representative of the United States government at the Seventh International Zo"logical Congress in 1907.
Of a retiring disposition, he was not interested in social activities beyond association with friends and colleagues and when not at the museum was usually engaged in studies at home. His early scientific interests were directed toward the lower groups of animals, but, finding that his eyesight would not permit continued use of the microscope, he turned to the mammals and in research on this group made his outstanding scientific contributions. He published many papers, and was known especially for his studies of the whales and their allies. A collection of these which he began for the National Museum is one of the most extensive in the world. His memoirs on the family Delphinidae, on the whalebone whales, and on the beaked whales were of much significance, and in later years he was occupied with studies of fossil cetaceans, a subject to which he made noteworthy contributions. In his investigations he went to many other museums and visited whaling stations in Newfoundland. At the time of his death he was recognized as the foremost living authority on the Cetacea.