Background
Friedrich was the eldest son of Count Friedrich IX of Hohenzollern from his marriage to Adelheid (d after 1385), a daughter of Count Burchard V of Hohenberg-Wildenberg.
Friedrich was the eldest son of Count Friedrich IX of Hohenzollern from his marriage to Adelheid (d after 1385), a daughter of Count Burchard V of Hohenberg-Wildenberg.
He was a ruling Count of Hohenzollern. Friedrich procured an exemption from King Wenceslaus, freeing his county from the jurisdiction of the imperial courts. In 1381, he concluded a military alliance with Duke Leopold III of Austria.
In 1386, Friedrich X fought an the Austrian side in the Battle of Sempach. He later mediated between Austria and the free imperial cities in Swabia and Franconia. In this rôle, he looked after the internal affairs of the dynasty and kept the peace between its various branches.
Friedrich married Anna (d 1421), a daughter of Count Burchard IX of Hohenberg-Nagold. The marriage remained childless. Consequently, the line of "Black Counts" founded by his father, died out with Friedrich's death.
Anna, Friedrich's widow, became prioress of Reuthin.
In 1408, Friedrich became the senior member of the House of Hohenzollern.