Background
George Belcourt was born on April 22, 1803, at Bay du Febvre, Province of Quebec, Canada. His parents were Antoine Belcourt and Josephte (Lemire) Belcourt.
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Minnesota and Its Resources: To Which Are Appended Campfire Sketches, Or, Notes of a Trip From St. Paul to Pembina and Selkirk Settlement On the Red River of the North
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Principes de la Langue Des Sauvages Appelés Sauteux (Classic Reprint) (French Edition)
(Excerpt from Principes de la Langue des Sauvages Appelés ...)
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George Antoine Belcourt
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also known as
George Antoine Bellecourt
Education
George was educated at the college of Nicolet and was ordained as a priest March 18, 1827.
Career
In 1831 George was selected for the mission field of western Canada to work among the Saulteux, or Chippewas. After some months of study of the Algonquin language, he set out for his mission field, arriving at St. Boniface (Winnipeg) on the Red River June 17, 1831, after a canoe voyage of over 2, 000 miles. In 1834 he established his permanent mission at Baie St. Paul on the Assiniboine River, thirty-five miles west of the present city of Winnipeg. Here he spent thirteen years of arduous labor, receiving but $500 annually for the support of his work. In 1845 at the request of the leaders, he accompanied the annual buffalo hunt of halfbreeds and Indians into what is now North Dakota. They spent six weeks in the region between Devil's Lake and the Missouri River, bringing back their year's supply of meat, hides, and pemmican for the inhabitants of the lower Red River Valley.
The priest held a daily religious service, took an active part in the hunting of the buffaloes, and left an interesting and accurate eye-witness account of the entire hunt. As an historical document this narrative is of considerable importance as furnishing a picture of what had come to be a regular frontier institution of over sixty years' standing. The next year he again accompanied the buffalo hunt, but on this occasion his services as a physician were most in demand. He had to combat an epidemic of dysentery and measles that raged among the families on the expedition during the entire hunt. When his supply of medicine was exhausted, he traveled from the camp, west of Dog Den Butte, to the Fort Berthold village of the Mandans and Gros Ventres on the Missouri River where the white traders gave him the much-needed medicine. By request he preached in this Indian village, which numbered 2, 000 souls, and after the service he was asked to return and establish a mission there.
In 1846 a bitter contest broke out between the half-breeds and merchants of Fort Garry and the officials of the Hudson's Bay Company, the latter being opposed to permitting free trade with Pembina and Fort Snelling on the American side of the line. Father Belcourt, by his great influence with the half-breeds, prevented them from resorting to violence. Later he persuaded them to conform to the English custom and to petition the Crown for redress of their trading grievances. Chief-Factor Christie and other officers of the Hudson's Bay Company were so angered at the part played by Father Belcourt that he felt obliged, in the interest of harmony, to resign his position in 1847.
Belcourt was immediately appointed as missionary at Pembina on the Red River, a short distance south of the Canadian line. He traveled to this station from Quebec by way of Chicago and St. Paul, arriving in July 1849. He built himself a bark cabin and spent the winter in traveling on snowshoes over an area 900 miles in breadth, going as far west as Turtle Mountain. For the next two years he had as his assistant a missionary who afterward became well known as Father Lacombe of the Edmonton district. In 1850 he abandoned Pembina on account of the flood that spring and established a new mission at St. Joseph, now Walhalla. In pursuance of the policy of encouraging the Indians to adopt a more settled life, he set up the first sawmill and gristmill in this part of the northwest. Gov. Ramsay of Minnesota Territory was a great admirer of Father Belcourt and aided him in his work wherever possible. In 1858 the latter resigned his position and returned to Quebec. Belcourt held a pastorate at Rustico, Prince Edward Island, for ten years, and died at Shediac, New Brunswick.
Achievements
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George Belcourt was known throughout the northwest as one of the greatest of the pioneer missionaries of his time. He established missions in areas of Quebec and Manitoba. Belcourt also established the Farmers' Bank of Rustico, the first community-based bank in Canada. His unflagging zeal for the cause of his mission field was equaled only by his tireless researches in the language of the Saulteux. His Principes de la Langue des Sauvages appelés Saulteux was published in Quebec in 1839.
Works
book
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Principes de la Langue Des Sauvages Appelés Sauteux (Classic Reprint) (French Edition)
(Excerpt from Principes de la Langue des Sauvages Appelés ...)
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Minnesota and Its Resources: To Which Are Appended Campfire Sketches, Or, Notes of a Trip From St. Paul to Pembina and Selkirk Settlement On the Red River of the North
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
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Principes de la Langue Des Sauvages Appelés Sauteux (Classic Reprint) (French Edition)
