(Excerpt from Genetics, Vol. 5: A Periodical Record of Inv...)
Excerpt from Genetics, Vol. 5: A Periodical Record of Investigations Bearing on Heredity and Variation, January, 1920 Fifth. For the present the individual chromosomes will not be weighted, but simply counted. Doubtless the ontogenetic working out of each chromosome is very specific both qualitatively and quantitatively. When ultimately genetical and cytological research locate in definite chromo somes the genes for definite traits, then the several chromosomes can be weighted, and due provision for their differential values properly made in the formulae for measuring the several features of ancestral influence. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(Excerpt from Collected Reprints, Vol. 2 Shall, George Ha...)
Excerpt from Collected Reprints, Vol. 2 Shall, George Harrison. A simple chemical device to illustrate Mendelian inheritance. Shull, George Harrison. Germinal analysis through hybridization. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Leopold Classic Library is delighted to publish this classic book as part of our extensive collection. As part of our on-going commitment to delivering value to the reader, we have also provided you with a link to a website, where you may download a digital version of this work for free. Many of the books in our collection have been out of print for decades, and therefore have not been accessible to the general public. Whilst the books in this collection have not been hand curated, an aim of our publishing program is to facilitate rapid access to this vast reservoir of literature. As a result of this book being first published many decades ago, it may have occasional imperfections. These imperfections may include poor picture quality, blurred or missing text. While some of these imperfections may have appeared in the original work, others may have resulted from the scanning process that has been applied. However, our view is that this is a significant literary work, which deserves to be brought back into print after many decades. While some publishers have applied optical character recognition (OCR), this approach has its own drawbacks, which include formatting errors, misspelt words, or the presence of inappropriate characters. Our philosophy has been guided by a desire to provide the reader with an experience that is as close as possible to ownership of the original work. We hope that you will enjoy this wonderful classic book, and that the occasional imperfection that it might contain will not detract from the experience.
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(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Genetics, Volume 2 George Harrison Shull, Donald Forsha Jones, Leslie Clarence Dunn, Curt Stern, Genetics Society of America, HighWire Press, Royal Alexander Brink, National Institutes of Health (U.S.). PubMed Central Genetics Society of America, 1917 Science; Life Sciences; Genetics & Genomics; Genetics; Science / Life Sciences / Genetics & Genomics
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(Excerpt from Place-Constants for Aster Prenanthoides: A D...)
Excerpt from Place-Constants for Aster Prenanthoides: A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Ogden Graduate School of Science, in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Department of Botany) It seems desirable in applying the exact methods of the mathematician to biology to retain the exact mathematical significance of the word place-mode, though the term then Becomes of comparatively little usefulness. As a more inclusive term, involving the characteristics of any or all the measurable qualities of a species a represented by a lot of individuals occurring at any place in question, let us adopt the word place-condition or place-habit. We may then say that we investigate the place habit or place-condition of a species at a particular place in order to determine or establish the place-constants, among these being the place-mode. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Importance Of The Mutation Theory In Practical Breeding reprint George Harrison Shull
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Leopold Classic Library is delighted to publish this classic book as part of our extensive collection. As part of our on-going commitment to delivering value to the reader, we have also provided you with a link to a website, where you may download a digital version of this work for free. Many of the books in our collection have been out of print for decades, and therefore have not been accessible to the general public. Whilst the books in this collection have not been hand curated, an aim of our publishing program is to facilitate rapid access to this vast reservoir of literature. As a result of this book being first published many decades ago, it may have occasional imperfections. These imperfections may include poor picture quality, blurred or missing text. While some of these imperfections may have appeared in the original work, others may have resulted from the scanning process that has been applied. However, our view is that this is a significant literary work, which deserves to be brought back into print after many decades. While some publishers have applied optical character recognition (OCR), this approach has its own drawbacks, which include formatting errors, misspelt words, or the presence of inappropriate characters. Our philosophy has been guided by a desire to provide the reader with an experience that is as close as possible to ownership of the original work. We hope that you will enjoy this wonderful classic book, and that the occasional imperfection that it might contain will not detract from the experience.
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(Excerpt from Duplicate Genes for Capsule-Form in Bursa Bu...)
Excerpt from Duplicate Genes for Capsule-Form in Bursa Bursa-Pastoris Elhe's papers in which duplicate determiners were demonstrated for the presence of a ligula in Avena and for red pericarp-color in Triticum that a similar explanation was recognized as possibly available for the unexpected ratio for capsule-form in Bursa. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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George Harrison Shull was born on April 15, 1874 in Clark County, Ohio, the son of Harrison Shull, a farmer and lay minister of the Old German Baptist church, and Catherine Ryman Shull. The family, who lived in very modest circumstances, moved eight times to rented farms during Shull's youth.
His formal schooling was scanty (only forty-six months in all), but it was supplemented by home study. His interest in plants, which had developed by the time he was ten, was encouraged by his mother and older brothers. From 1892 to 1901 Shull taught in the Ohio public schools and attended Antioch College, from which he received the B. S. in 1901. He then enrolled as a graduate student at the University of Chicago, but was soon appointed botanical assistant at the United States National Herbarium, in Washington, D. C. Three months later he was transferred, as botanical expert, to the Bureau of Plant Industry, where he studied the food plants of wild ducks in Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. His work in Washington was credited toward a Ph. D. in botany and zoology, which he received from the University of Chicago in 1904.
As an undergraduate Shull had taken an interest in the statistical study of variation in the floral parts of wild asters. At Chicago he became more deeply involved in biometric studies through association with Charles B. Davenport. When the latter was appointed director of the new Carnegie Institution of Washington laboratory at Cold Spring Harbor, New York, he offered Shull a post. On May 2, 1904, Shull began there the career that brought him renown in the infant science of genetics.
In 1915 Shull became professor of botany and genetics at Princeton University, where he taught until his retirement in 1942. In 1916 he founded the journal Genetics and was its managing editor until 1925.
Throughout his career, Shull studied hereditary variation in the evening primrose (Oenothera) and the shepherd's purse (Bursa), producing twenty-two papers on the former and fifteen on the latter. He also worked on Zea (Indian corn), Phaseolus (bean), Lychnis (pink), Digitalis (foxglove), Helianthus (sunflower), Lycopersicon (tomato), Papaver (poppy), Solanum (potato), and Nicotiana (tobacco).
In all Shull published 167 scientific papers between 1891 and 1953, but he is remembered largely for one major achievement that laid the foundation for the development of hybrid corn - probably the most important agricultural advance of the twentieth century.
It has been estimated that during World War II, when hybrid corn was first widely cultivated, it increased corn yields in the United States by 20 percent - a gain of 1. 8 billion bushels worth $2 billion, enough to pay for the Manhattan Project. Most significantly, increased production permitted the United States to ship vast quantities of food abroad after the war, thus preventing famine and pestilence. Although many others were involved in the development of hybrid corn, Shull's contribution was the basic one.
Using the work of Gregor Mendel, Charles Darwin, Francis Galton, and especially Wilhelm Johannsen, Shull analyzed the inheritance of quantitative characters, especially the number of rows of kernels per ear, in work begun in 1905. Through self-pollination of the corn he developed a number of inbred lines differing in the average number of rows.
These lines declined in vigor and productivity as they became more uniform through inbreeding. When these pure lines were crossed, the hybrids were quite uniform but, unlike the parent strains, they were vigorous and highly productive, and definitely superior to the original open-pollinated corn.
He died in Princeton, New Jersey.
Shull's papers of 1908 and 1909 laid the basis for hybrid corn breeding with its higher yields, greater uniformity, more exact specialization to fit particular climates and soils, and desirable chemical content and nutritive qualities. Paul C. Mangelsdorf wrote: "Certainly it was one of the most remarkable achievements of our time in the field of applied biology. Shull's idea of producing and maintaining otherwise useless inbred strains of maize solely for the purpose of utilizing the increased vigor and uniformity resulting from their hybridization was revolutionary as a method of corn breeding. It is still the basic principle which underlies almost the entire hybrid corn enterprise. " Although Shull received numerous citations and awards for his work, he failed to gain the coveted election to the National Academy of Sciences. His methods of hybrid plant breeding were subsequently applied in the development of other "miracle grains" - wheat and rice - to meet the increasing needs of the world's population.
(Excerpt from Place-Constants for Aster Prenanthoides: A D...)
(Excerpt from Duplicate Genes for Capsule-Form in Bursa Bu...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(Leopold Classic Library is delighted to publish this clas...)
(Leopold Classic Library is delighted to publish this clas...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
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(Excerpt from Collected Reprints, Vol. 2 Shall, George Ha...)
(Excerpt from Genetics, Vol. 5: A Periodical Record of Inv...)
On July 8, 1906, Shull married Ella Amanda Hollar; they had one daughter. The circumstances under which the marriage ended are not known. On August 26, 1909, he married Mary Julia Nicholl; they had six children.
