(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Polar Climate In Time The Major Factor In The Evolution Of Plants And Animals reprint George Reber Wieland Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor Co., printers, 1903 Science; Life Sciences; Evolution; Adaption (Biology); Evolution (Biology); Paleoclimatology; Plants; Science / Life Sciences / Evolution
https://www.amazon.com/Climate-Factor-Evolution-Plants-Animals/dp/127423641X?SubscriptionId=AKIAJRRWTH346WSPOAFQ&tag=prabook-20&linkCode=sp1&camp=2025&creative=165953&creativeASIN=127423641X
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
https://www.amazon.com/American-Fossil-Cycads-Issue-34/dp/1378533100?SubscriptionId=AKIAJRRWTH346WSPOAFQ&tag=prabook-20&linkCode=sp1&camp=2025&creative=165953&creativeASIN=1378533100
(Excerpt from The Osteology of Protostega Cretaceous of S...)
Excerpt from The Osteology of Protostega Cretaceous of South Dakota, Am. Jour. Sci, Vol. IX., April, 1900. 7 On the Hind Limb of Protostega, Ibid., Vol. XIII., April, 1902. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
https://www.amazon.com/Osteology-Protostega-Classic-Reprint/dp/1334655820?SubscriptionId=AKIAJRRWTH346WSPOAFQ&tag=prabook-20&linkCode=sp1&camp=2025&creative=165953&creativeASIN=1334655820
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
https://www.amazon.com/American-Fossil-Cycads-George-Wieland/dp/1376230879?SubscriptionId=AKIAJRRWTH346WSPOAFQ&tag=prabook-20&linkCode=sp1&camp=2025&creative=165953&creativeASIN=1376230879
George Reber Wieland was born on January 24, 1865 in Boalsburg, Pa. , the son of Washington Frederick Wieland, a farmer, and Margaret Reber Wieland. The fossils and oolitic rock on the family farm fascinated him, and his interest in science increased while he was a teacher in the Center County schools.
After studying in the preparatory department of Pennsylvania State College (1882-1883, 1887 - 1888), Wieland entered the college in 1888. He taught in Tennessee secondary schools during 1890-1892, then returned to the college and received a B. Sc. in chemistry in 1893. In September 1893 he enrolled at the University of Göttingen, where he studied geology for a year.
He taught chemistry and geology at secondary schools in Lincoln, Neb. , and Chester, Pa. , from 1894 to 1896. During the summers of 1895 and 1896, Wieland collected vertebrate and invertebrate fossils from the eastern Black Hills under the sponsorship of Edward Drinker Cope. His success, highlighted by the discovery of a new genus of giant sea turtle, led to his enrollment in the University of Pennsylvania's graduate program in 1896. After Cope's death in 1897, Wieland reestablished an earlier contact with Othniel Charles Marsh of Yale. In 1898 Marsh sent Wieland, as a Yale fellow, to the Black Hills to gather specimens for the Peabody Museum paleobotanical and fossil reptile collections. In these and subsequent field seasons through 1902, in South Dakota and Wyoming, Wieland was especially successful in securing specimens of fossil cycadlike plants for Yale and the American Museum of Natural History. Marsh encouraged him to investigate them, but despite his subsequent concentration on these plants, Wieland retained a lifelong interest in vertebrate paleontology, especially in turtles and dinosaurs. He composed some thirty publications, as well as his doctoral dissertation (Yale, 1900), in the latter field. In 1903 the Carnegie Institution underwrote Wieland's investigations of cycadophytes with one of its earliest grants; it also provided continued major financial support until 1933 for his paleobotanical studies and publications as a research associate. Under the institution's aegis he synthesized his early work in American Fossil Cycads (1906 - 1916). Wieland, skilled preparator, used his polished, thin sections of wood and reproductive structures to demonstrate the diversity of these Mesozoic plants. From these investigations, he proposed a model of the evolution of gymnospermous and flowering plants. His ideas are not now the basis for any significant paleobotanical theories, having been reinterpreted in the late 1960's by Theodore Delevoryas. In 1909 Alfred Nathors described the new fossil cycadophyte genus Wielandiella, from southern Sweden. Wieland's accomplishments led to a series of staff appointments at Yale's Osborn Botanical Laboratory, including lecturer (1906 - 1920), research assistant (1920 - 1924), and research associate (1924 - 1935). He spent portions of 1907, 1922, 1930, and 1935 conducting field and laboratory investigations in Europe. Fieldwork as a staff paleontologist with the Geological Survey of Mexico in 1909 led to La Flora Liasica de la Mixteca Alta (1914), a study of Oaxacan cycadophytes. Under Yale sponsorship Wieland investigated Mesozoic floras in New Mexico and Texas during 1928-1930. In 1935 the Carnegie Institution published Wieland's Cerro Cuadrado Petrified Forest, a description of early Mesozoic conifers from Patagonia. Wieland had visited Argentina in 1917, but Cerro Cuadrado was based on material collected by Elmer Riggs in 1923-1924. Wieland was intrigued by patterns of organic evolution, extinction, and climatic change. In 1903, influenced principally by Gilbert Hilton Scribner's Where Did Life Begin? (1883), he published "Polar Climate in Time, the Major Factor in the Evolution of Plants and Animals, " which emphasized the origin, evolution, and outward migration of organisms from north polar areas. Other writers of Wieland's scientific generation had argued that these locales encompassed only migration routes, not sites of significant evolutionary change. Wieland's subsequent paleontological work continued to relate to evolutionary theory, but he did not return specifically to his notion of the north pole as a center of biological change. A strong advocate of conservation, Wieland dated his interest in preserving fossil sites from efforts in 1908-1909 to save the extant large marine reptiles and mammals. Encouraged by the establishment of the Petrified Forest (1906) and Dinosaur (1914) national monuments, Wieland donated to the federal government the 320 acres he had homesteaded in 1916 near Minnekahta, S. D. , in order to preserve the most productive of the Black Hills cycadophyte localities. On October 21, 1922, President Warren Harding accepted the property and signed a proclamation establishing the Fossil Cycad National Monument. Wieland lobbied vigorously and tenaciously, but with limited perspective, in the scientific and popular press (principally in Science and, on August 30, 1937, in Time), the Congress, the Department of the Interior (especially with Secretary Harold Ickes and his first wife), and the National Park Service to expand the monument area by purchase and to build a display museum on the site. The Park Service supported Civilian Conservation Corps test excavations at the monument in October and November 1935 that yielded a ton of specimens. Unfortunately, Wieland failed to submit the scientific appraisal necessary to justify difficult and expensive excavations at the site, and the Park Service protested that it had higher priorities in terms of broader-interest projects. By late 1941, however, federally funded development appeared about to become a reality - but was postponed by World War II. Wieland continued his work during the 1940's and succeeded in having the monument retained, although not enlarged, as a scientific reservation. Lacking special geologic, historic, scenic, or recreational value, the monument never developed for public use. Legislation disestablishing it became effective September 1, 1957. Apart from his campaign for the Fossil Cycad National Monument, Wieland spent the years after his retirement from Yale in 1935 in attempting to organize the vast paleontological collections he had sent to the university. Despite encouragement and offers of financial support from old friends at the Carnegie Institution, his efforts were of limited success and the value of his Yale materials was lessened. They were ultimately cataloged by Delevoryas. Wieland died in West Haven, Connecticut.
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
(Excerpt from The Osteology of Protostega Cretaceous of S...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
Wieland married Edla Kristina Andersson of Nykoping, Sweden, on Feburary 22, 1891; they had two children.
